Skip to content

Latest commit

 

History

History
109 lines (72 loc) · 3.31 KB

c++.md

File metadata and controls

109 lines (72 loc) · 3.31 KB
description cover coverY
06/22/2023 (abandoned) but now brought back to life in 04/02/2024!
0

C++

Introduction

C++ is a cross-platform language that can be used to create high-performance applications.

It also gives programmers the power to be able to have a "high level" control over system resources and memory.

Known as an extension to the C programming language.

Although the syntax is somewhat similar, the difference between C and C++ is that C++ supports classes and objects while C does not.

Reasons to use C++

  • Very popular
  • Found in OS's, GUI's, and embedded systems
  • Object Oriented Programming (OOP) language that grants the developer access to structures and classes at low performance costs
  • Can be used to develop applications for a multitude of systems
  • Possesses similarities to C and Java

Motivations

I want to obtain a better understanding of object oriented programming!

{% embed url="https://dev.to/gervg/how-to-think-in-object-oriented-way-29a2" %} Check this out! {% endembed %}

{% embed url="https://www.w3schools.com/cpp/cpp_intro.asp" %} Initial Resource for C++ Introduction {% endembed %}

Oh no, another "hello world"...

Don't worry, we'll be getting into some pretty complicated stuff here shortly! 😏

hello-world.cpp:

#include <iostream>

using namespace std;

int main() {
    cout << "This is my first C++ program, I won't stop until I get comfortable with OOP or C++!!\nHello World!!\n";
    return 0;
}

Compile

g++ hello-world.cpp -o hello-world

Output

Output

Explanation

#include <iostream>

A header file for an external library; it allows us to work with input and output objects.

using namespace std;

This is considered a directive that tells the compiler to consider everything within the std namespace as if it were within the global namespace context.

By using this, we do not need to explicitly prefix each standard library element with std::; allowing for more concise code and aiding in readability -- exactly what we need right now for learning this.

However, if you wish to run without the standard namespace library, we can replace it with the std keyword along with the :: operator for objects.

(e.g.)

hello-world.cpp (omitting the standard namespace library):

#include <iostream>

int main() {
  std::cout << "Hello World!";
  return 0;
}

Note: that cout will not append a new line at the end of each output (\n), this will need to be manually implemented. This is known as the "newline" character, also referred to as an "escape sequence".

What if you wanted to print out a variable?

variable.cpp:

#include <iostream>

int main() {
  int myNum = 50;
  std::cout << "Your number is: " << myNum << "\n";
  return 0;
}