RECORDS.md

Important Records

Learning resouces

1. freeCodeCamp (Following this tutorial for this project)
2. TraversyMedia

Useful records

1. (2:07) Many ways of installation, i.e., Discussion about installing laravel through docker or Composer
2. (11:42) PHP authentication or Simpler explanation
3. (12:04) & (26:00) Front-end

• When changing anything in front end (like the .sass files), need to use npm run dev to refresh.

4. (20:00) Data migration

• Why data migration? simple answer is it helps you modify database with a more systematic ways (avoid you screw things up due to human error), and good for team collaboration.

5. (42.12) Adding username to the regirstration flow (inside Auth folder)

- First, add the markup in register.blade.php
- Second, access the app/Http/Controllers/Auth/RegisterController.php and modify validator() and create()
  Add new attribute "username"
- Third, access the database/migrations/create_users_table.php and modify the up()
  Add new attribute "username"
- Fourth, access Tinker in powershell using `php artisan tinker` to interact with the database of application.
  To check user table, use command `User::all();`
- Last, you will find out that username attribute is still not added
  Because whenever you made changes to database, we need to recreate the database 
  Use command `php artisan migrate:fresh` to recreate database
  Be aware that previous data will be deleted!!
- Also, need to access app/Models/User.php and add username into $fillable 
  Laravel provides another level of protection at Model to confirm what data can be filled

6. (58:35) Creating profiles controller

• use make:controller.
• Also, can use php artisan help command to check what is the required parameters or arg for this command. For example, php artisan help make:controller.
• This part needs to deal with ProfilesController.php and routes/web.php.

7. (1:04:00) RESTful Resource Controller.

• Read Laravel RESTful Resources Controller
• The command User::find($user) is used to find the data from Models\User.php
• dd() is useful function to echo out what's inside the variable
• Explanation of the codes is inside ProfilesController

8. (1:10:20) Adding the Profiles Mode, Migration and Table

• Eloquent is what laravel calls the database layer of the framework. Implementation that fecth quries, and database agnostic (can use diff database platform with the same database query)
• command used is for example php artisan make:model Profile, make a model of Profile.
• You can use php artisan make:model Profile -m too, the -m will automatically help you create a migration file
• Manipulate database inside Tinker to test Profile model

>>> $profile = new \App\Models\Profile();
=> App\Models\Profile {#3415}
>>> $profile->title = 'Cool Title';
=> "Cool Title"
>>> $profile->description = 'Description'
=> "Description"
>>> $profile->user_id = 1;
=> 1
>>> $profile->save();
=> true
>>> $profile->user
=> App\Models\User {#4140
     # Will display user's data
   }

• Your modal table needs to have foreign key,

$table->unsignedBigInteger('otherTable_id');
After adding the attribute, at the bottom add this
$table->index('otherTable_id');
This means that the 'otherTable_id' is foreign key

8. (1:17:30) Adding Eloquent Relationships

• Read more about relationships in Eloquent
• Example, Profile to User is one to one. To connect relationship, we need to use some convention methods Inside Profile model, there will be a function call user()

public function user()
{
  return $this->belongsTo(User::class);
}

• User will have the same thing, i.e., profile() Following conventional naming will avoid the needs to extra config
• Then you can try access data through relationship in Tinker

>>> $user = App\Models\User::find(1);
>>> $user->profile

• Also, casscading is possible in Eloquent, for example if user is deleted, the profile will auto deleted as well

9. Saving changes in database

>>> $user->profile->url = 'www.kuanyung.com';
=> "www.kuanyung.com"
>>> $user->save();
=> true
>>> $user->push();
=> true

• The command $user->save() won't work because the change happens in profile table. Hence, use $user->push() to save everything changed using $user

10. (1:30:00) Adding Posts to the Database & Many To Many Relationship

• More about post and get
• @csrf a security features that strictly allows authorized user (accessing specific web page) to hit the server

11. More about Validation and rules
12. (2:01:48) Mass assignment issue
13. (2:03:17) Integrity constraint violation (sign in)

• Solution to this is (2:04:24) Creating Through a Relationship
• Also created a middleware to hide sensitive information

14. (2:08:12) Uploading/Saving the Image to the Project

• How to upload the picture, save at the correct path
• The store() method can save files in diff places, example Amazon s3
• php artisan storage:link to link storage/app/public/uploads
• After finished post, redirect back to profile page
• To delete data (or clear database), use Post::truncate(); inside tinker. The "Post" should be your database table name

15. (2:19:19) Resizing Images with Intervention Image PHP Library

• Adding new library using composer require library
• Issue 1: Installation of Intervention\Image requires guzzlehttp\prs7:^1.7 version. Learn more about composer CLI and I post my solution in stackoverflow
• Issue 2: GD Library extension not available with this PHP installation. And the solution is to enable it in php.ini file (for windows). After enabled, don't forget to restart the application.

16. (2:31:48) Editing the Profile

• Repeat the same steps
• Add edit.blade.php -> Configure route in web.php -> Add edit and update function for ProfilesController.php

17. (2:46:46) Restricting/Authorizing Actions with a Model Policy

• Use php artisan help make:policy for more information

18. (3:00:00) Automatically Creating A Profile Using Model Events

• boot method, read more about Eloquent Event
• Inside event, "saved" means already saved, and "saving" means before saving. The ed is pass, and the ing is before the action being done.

19. (3:19:48) Follow/Unfollow Profiles Using a Vue.js Component

• npm run dev only run dev for once, in order to run for long time, use npm run watch
• vue component is stored inside \resources\js\component\
• Laravel is shipped with axios as well
• vue property
• Many to many relationship (need to create a pivot table, like a bridge in relational database).
• First, we don't really need a new model, we need to create migration and use existing data field, use php artisan make:migration creates_profile_user_pivot_table --create profile_user (naming convention, follow alphabetic order, P first then U (Profile User), and everything is lower case, then add a _ in between)
• After created migration and defined the data field, add m-2-m relationship into User.php and Profile.php
• More aboout pivot table
• Laravel toggle feature (if you console.log(response.data); and click the follow button a few times, you will find out that the toggle will attach / detach depends on whether you followed or not followed that person)
• migrate:fresh specific table
• refresh tinker using $attribute->fresh()->data

20. (3:48:55) Laravel Telescope

• Read Telescope
• Go to http://localhost:8000/telescope/requests
• RouteServiceProvider.php inside /Auth defines what is the HOME directory. And this HOME is used by loginController, RegistrationController etc.

23. (4:01:03) Pagination with Eloquent

• change from ->get() to ->paginate(num)
• Pagination with bootsrap

22. (4:03:25) N + 1 Problem & Solution

• By using the ->with('user')

23. (4:05:21) Make Use of Cache for Expensive Query

• cache is inside Illuminate\Support\Facades\Cache
• telescope has a cache bar for you to view your cache hit or miss or set
• All you need to do is at controller, do the Cache::remember() and return the $variable to view.

24. (4:11:44) Sending Emails to New Registered Users

• Laravel is build in with mailtrap.io
• Use php artisan make:mail NewUserWelcomeMail -m emails.welcome-email. The "NewUserWelcomeMail" is required name, the -m is a markdown template, and the "emails.welcome-email" is where you wanna store this mailable, and it will ultimately be in your view directory.

25. Additional resources

• freeCodeGram GitHub, Coderstape YouTube Channel
• Read the laravel documentation! It has awesome open community documentation!
• News about laravel at laravel-news

Improvement / Continue Learning

1. Prevent multiple click / post to server

• If you accidentally clicked the post button multiple times when creating the post, the server will get hit multiple times and in turn storing multiple samve value/data.
• Looking for potential solution for front-end and back-end
• sometimes when you change env, you might need to refresh your php artisan serve

2. An stdClass cannot convert to int (or other data type) error

• Convert the array of class, into an actual array

$id = DB::select('select id from warehouses order by id desc limit 1');
// without this part, you won't be able to use to data inside $id
$currentMaxId = (array)$id[0]; 
// Now you can use math operation, treat it as PHP array
$newId += $currentMaxId['id'];

3. Understand the difference between hasMany and belongsToMany in eloquent relationship. Here's a simple explanation and a explanation with codes. Basically the difference is has is the one that has othe belongsTo's foreign key.
4. Issues related to routing path but different function, discussion in laracast