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data_collection_Mavic_3T.md

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UAV Thermography Procedures

DATA COLLECTION

1. Hardware

  • UAV: DJI Mavic 3T
  • Camera: Mavic 3T (Thermal Camera) (Calibration certificate: Issue date less than 1 year)
  • Storage: MicroSD card 64GB or more (see camera manual to see options recommended)

2. Software

  • DJI Pilot (Default Remote Controller Software)

3. Before take-off conditions & recommendations

  • Make sure that camera lens are cleans
  • Calibrate the gimbal

4. Fligh settings to collect images in photovoltaic plants

4.1 Main Images of panels: DJI PILOT PARAMETERS

RGB Orthomosaic Thermal single image analysis
Image Formats JPG R-JPG
Flight speed 7 m/s 4 m/s
Turn type Stop and turn Stop and turn
Camera Zoom 1x Thermal IR + Zoom 1x
GSD 3 cm/px Thermal IR: 3 cm/px,
Zoom: 1 cm/px
Front Overlap 80% 80%
Side Overlap 60% 60%
Direction flight angle Plants with trackers: 0°,
whitout trackers: 90°
Altitud mode AGL, 3m tolerance AGL, 3m tolerance
Change yaw (relative to north) Plants with trackers: 270°,
whitout trackers: 180°
Set camera by distance Auto Auto
Gimbal pitch -90° -90°

4.2 Main images orientation

4.3 Secondary images

4.3.1 To detect disconnections of combiner boxes or inverters

For each subdivision of the plant, according to the layout, a thermal image must be taken that shows all the panels of the subzone. The photo must be taken at a sufficient height and with an inclined angle that allows viewing the entire subzone and showing the front of the panels, so the flight and the position of the gimbal must be configured manually.

uav image orientation

4.3.2 To show the power plant placing and sorroundings

From each corner of the power plant, a RGB image must be taken that shows plant extention. The photo must be taken at a sufficient height, distance and with an inclined angle. The flight and the position of the gimbal must be configured manually.

uav image orientation

4.4 Minimun flight and weather conditions

4.4.1 Taking RGB Images for Orthomosaic
Aspect Condition
Spatial coverage Take wide coverage of the edges of the plant, so that it covers more than 30 m with respect to the panels at each limit of the plant
Time schedule Shadows cast on the ground should be avoided in at least 50% of the area between rows of panels. Also avoid solar reflections on the panels. In most cases, the most convenient time to meet these conditions is between 10:00 and 11:00 in the morning, and between 13:00 and 15:00 p.m. in the afternoon, but it must be validated for each location because it will depend on the latitude
4.4.2 Taking Thermal images
Aspect Condition
Irradiance Greater than 600 W/m2
Time schedule Adequate to avoid sun reflections in panels, either solar reflection or thermal reflection from other panels. In most cases, the most convenient time to meet these conditions is between 9:30 and 11:30 in the morning, and between 13:00 and 16:00 p.m. in the afternoon, but it must be validated for each location because it will depend on the latitude
Spatial coverage Each flight mission must correspond to the true sub zones delimitation according to the layout of the plant for easy reference. The images collection for each sub zone should be taken in the same flight mission

5. Deliverables

5.1 Main images

  • Dataset of Zoom RGB Images (.JPG) for RGB Orthomosaic construction
  • Dataset of thermal radiometric (.RJPG) & zoom images 1X (.JPG) for thermal single image analysis
    Note: for both cases, image should have the correspondig resolution, quality and none motion blur/trepidation and include all the metadata

5.2 Secondary images

  • At leats one (1) thermal IR image for each subdivision of the plant (high altitud & inclined angle)
  • At leats one (1) RGB image for each corner of the plant (high altitud, long distance & inclined angle)

5.3 Technical support data

  • Photovoltaic plan detailed layouts, where it shows subzone divisions, quantity of panels and weather stations location
  • Weather data: Every 10 minutes or less, It should take the values ​​of the following conditions: horizontal & inclined irradiance, relative humidity, ambient temperature and modules temperature. The data from the weather stations of the photovoltaic plant can be used.
Content Maintainer
Hector Jose Bastidas Gonzalez
hector.bastidas@simplemap.io