[ENH] Fixes in Catch22

[Moonzyyy]

Reference Issues/PRs

Fixes #1384

What does this implement/fix? Explain your changes.

Looked through the original C code implementation found in #1384, and made sure code does not cause issues with Numba.

Does your contribution introduce a new dependency? If yes, which one?

None

Any other comments?

This has not been tested to see if it has fixed #1598. More testing required. From my understanding of messing around with Numba however, it may be worth creating our own np.argsort.

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[MatthewMiddlehurst]

Could you show some results in the PR body to show this matches the pycatch22 version better? before, after and the source results for a series if possible or a link to said results

[Moonzyyy]

Here are the result files.

Old:
aeon_catch22_with_numba.xlsx

New:
aeon_catch22_with_numba.xlsx

Compare To pycatch22:
pycatch22_catch22_ipd.xlsx

[MatthewMiddlehurst]

Could you change _verify_features to allow usage of the shortened features and then add a test for this?

[MatthewMiddlehurst]

division by zero in previous notebook test is a bit worrying, no idea what function caused it though.
https://github.com/aeon-toolkit/aeon/actions/runs/10159947289/job/28095237710?pr=1809