[#5768] improvement(CLI): improve formatted output (#5770)

### What changes were proposed in this pull request?

Enhanced the Gravitino CLI to support properly formatted output. Fixed
alignment issues in formatted output when it includes Chinese
characters.
The bounding box length calculation is now based on the number of
characters rather than the character display width . The correct output
should look like this(Here are the results of my local tests):

<img width="752" alt="image"
src="https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/ae880b4b-280d-4dc4-9a25-f0deb3867bbc">

Only change the implementation of the TableFormatImpl class, the same
effect is achieved when the `catalog list --output table` command is
supported

### Why are the changes needed?

Fix: #5768

### Does this PR introduce _any_ user-facing change?

NO.

### How was this patch tested?

```shell
gcli catalog details --name <catalog>  --metalake <metalake> --output table
gcli metalake details --name <metalake>  --output table
gcli metalake list --output table
```

---------

Co-authored-by: pancx <pancx@chinatelecom.cn>

Author: Abyss-lord

clients/cli/src/main/java/org/apache/gravitino/cli/outputs/TableFormat.java

@@ -22,6 +22,7 @@
 import java.util.Arrays;
 import java.util.Collections;
 import java.util.List;
+import java.util.regex.Pattern;
 import org.apache.gravitino.Catalog;
 import org.apache.gravitino.Metalake;
 
@@ -81,6 +82,12 @@ public void output(Catalog catalog) {
 
   static final class TableFormatImpl {
     private int[] maxElementLengths;
+    // This expression is primarily used to match characters that have a display width of
+    // 2, such as characters from Korean, Chinese
+    private static final Pattern FULL_WIDTH_PATTERN =
+        Pattern.compile(
+            "[\u1100-\u115F\u2E80-\uA4CF\uAC00-\uD7A3\uF900-\uFAFF\uFE10-\uFE19\uFE30-\uFE6F\uFF00-\uFF60\uFFE0-\uFFE6]");
+    private int[][] elementOutputWidths;
     private final String horizontalDelimiter = "-";
     private final String verticalDelimiter = "|";
     private final String crossDelimiter = "+";
@@ -96,10 +103,9 @@ public void print(List<String> headers, List<List<String>> rows) {
         throw new IllegalArgumentException("Number of columns is not equal.");
       }
       maxElementLengths = new int[headers.size()];
+      elementOutputWidths = new int[rows.size()][headers.size()];
       updateMaxLengthsFromList(headers);
       updateMaxLengthsFromNestedList(rows);
-
-      // print headers
       printLine();
       System.out.println();
       for (int i = 0; i < headers.size(); ++i) {
@@ -115,9 +121,22 @@ public void print(List<String> headers, List<List<String>> rows) {
       for (int i = 0; i < rows.size(); ++i) {
         List<String> columns = rows.get(i);
         for (int j = 0; j < columns.size(); ++j) {
-          System.out.printf(
-              verticalDelimiter + indent + "%-" + maxElementLengths[j] + "s" + indent,
-              columns.get(j));
+          String column = columns.get(j);
+          // Handle cases where the width and number of characters are inconsistent
+          if (elementOutputWidths[i][j] != column.length()) {
+            if (elementOutputWidths[i][j] > maxElementLengths[j]) {
+              System.out.printf(
+                  verticalDelimiter + indent + "%-" + column.length() + "s" + indent, column);
+            } else {
+              int paddingLength =
+                  maxElementLengths[j] - (elementOutputWidths[i][j] - column.length());
+              System.out.printf(
+                  verticalDelimiter + indent + "%-" + paddingLength + "s" + indent, column);
+            }
+          } else {
+            System.out.printf(
+                verticalDelimiter + indent + "%-" + maxElementLengths[j] + "s" + indent, column);
+          }
         }
         System.out.println(verticalDelimiter);
       }
@@ -130,20 +149,42 @@ private void updateMaxLengthsFromList(List<String> elements) {
       String s;
       for (int i = 0; i < elements.size(); ++i) {
         s = elements.get(i);
-        if (s.length() > maxElementLengths[i]) maxElementLengths[i] = s.length();
+        if (getOutputWidth(s) > maxElementLengths[i]) maxElementLengths[i] = getOutputWidth(s);
       }
     }
 
     private void updateMaxLengthsFromNestedList(List<List<String>> elements) {
+      int rowIdx = 0;
       for (List<String> row : elements) {
         String s;
         for (int i = 0; i < row.size(); ++i) {
           s = row.get(i);
-          if (s.length() > maxElementLengths[i]) maxElementLengths[i] = s.length();
+          int consoleWidth = getOutputWidth(s);
+          elementOutputWidths[rowIdx][i] = consoleWidth;
+          if (consoleWidth > maxElementLengths[i]) maxElementLengths[i] = consoleWidth;
         }
+        rowIdx++;
       }
     }
 
+    private int getOutputWidth(String s) {
+      int width = 0;
+      for (int i = 0; i < s.length(); i++) {
+        width += getCharWidth(s.charAt(i));
+      }
+
+      return width;
+    }
+
+    private static int getCharWidth(char ch) {
+      String s = String.valueOf(ch);
+      if (FULL_WIDTH_PATTERN.matcher(s).find()) {
+        return 2;
+      }
+
+      return 1;
+    }
+
     private void printLine() {
       System.out.print(crossDelimiter);
       for (int i = 0; i < maxElementLengths.length; ++i) {

clients/cli/src/test/java/org/apache/gravitino/cli/integration/test/TableFormatOutputIT.java

@@ -62,6 +62,24 @@ public void startUp() {
       gravitinoUrl
     };
     Main.main(create_catalog_args);
+
+    String[] create_catalog_with_comment_args = {
+      "catalog",
+      "create",
+      commandArg(GravitinoOptions.METALAKE),
+      "my_metalake",
+      commandArg(GravitinoOptions.NAME),
+      "postgres2",
+      commandArg(GravitinoOptions.PROVIDER),
+      "postgres",
+      commandArg(GravitinoOptions.PROPERTIES),
+      "jdbc-url=jdbc:postgresql://postgresql-host/mydb,jdbc-user=user,jdbc-password=password,jdbc-database=db,jdbc-driver=org.postgresql.Driver",
+      commandArg(GravitinoOptions.URL),
+      gravitinoUrl,
+      commandArg(GravitinoOptions.COMMENT),
+      "catalog, 用于测试"
+    };
+    Main.main(create_catalog_with_comment_args);
   }
 
   @Test
@@ -160,6 +178,38 @@ public void testCatalogDetailsCommand() {
         output);
   }
 
+  @Test
+  public void testCatalogDetailsCommandFullCornerCharacter() {
+    ByteArrayOutputStream outputStream = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
+    PrintStream originalOut = System.out;
+    System.setOut(new PrintStream(outputStream));
+
+    String[] args = {
+      "catalog",
+      "details",
+      commandArg(GravitinoOptions.METALAKE),
+      "my_metalake",
+      commandArg(GravitinoOptions.NAME),
+      "postgres2",
+      commandArg(GravitinoOptions.OUTPUT),
+      "table",
+      commandArg(GravitinoOptions.URL),
+      gravitinoUrl
+    };
+    Main.main(args);
+    // Restore the original System.out
+    System.setOut(originalOut);
+    // Get the output and verify it
+    String output = new String(outputStream.toByteArray(), StandardCharsets.UTF_8).trim();
+    assertEquals(
+        "+-----------+------------+-----------------+-------------------+\n"
+            + "| catalog   | type       | provider        | comment           |\n"
+            + "+-----------+------------+-----------------+-------------------+\n"
+            + "| postgres2 | RELATIONAL | jdbc-postgresql | catalog, 用于测试 |\n"
+            + "+-----------+------------+-----------------+-------------------+",
+        output);
+  }
+
   private String commandArg(String arg) {
     return String.format("--%s", arg);
   }