Fix symbol resolution for malloc_type functions on macOS Sequoia

This commit addresses an issue with symbol resolution for malloc_type
functions on the latest macOS Sequoia. The problem arises due to changes
in how these functions are named in the dynamic symbol table of the
system libraries that are part of the linker cache like the ones that
contain the C++ runtime.

This fix ensures that Memray correctly intercepts and tracks allocations
made by malloc_type functions, fixing tracking allocations in the C++
runtime and other system libraries on macOS Sequoia.

Author: pablogsal

src/memray/_memray/macho_shenanigans.cpp

@@ -36,6 +36,18 @@ patch_symbol(
     }
 }
 
+static inline const char*
+ get_canonical_name(const char* name) {
+    // In macOS 15 (Sequoia)+, the symbols in the shared cache have a prefix
+    // "_malloc_type" that we need to remove to match the symbols that we
+    // are looking for.
+    const char* prefix = "_malloc_type";
+    if (strncmp(name, prefix, strlen(prefix)) != 0) {
+        return name; 
+    }
+    return name + strlen(prefix);
+}
+
 static void
 patch_symbols_in_section(
         const section_t* section,
@@ -49,8 +61,9 @@ patch_symbols_in_section(
         if (!symbol_name || !(symbol_name[0] == '_' || symbol_name[0] == '.') || !symbol_name[1]) {
             continue;
         }
+        const char* canonical_name = get_canonical_name(symbol_name);
 #define FOR_EACH_HOOKED_FUNCTION(hookname)                                                              \
-    if (strcmp(MEMRAY_ORIG(hookname).d_symbol, symbol_name + 1) == 0) {                                 \
+    if (strcmp(MEMRAY_ORIG(hookname).d_symbol, canonical_name + 1) == 0) {                                 \
         LOG(DEBUG) << "Patching " << symbol_name << " symbol pointer at " << std::hex << std::showbase  \
                    << *(symbol_addr_table + i) << " for relocation entry " << (symbol_addr_table + i);  \
         patch_symbol(                                                                                   \
@@ -225,9 +238,10 @@ patch_stubs(
         if (!symbol_name || !(symbol_name[0] == '_' || symbol_name[0] == '.') || !symbol_name[1]) {
             continue;
         }
+        const char* canonical_name = get_canonical_name(symbol_name);
         auto stub_addr = reinterpret_cast<uint64_t>(symbol_addr_table + i * element_size);
 #define FOR_EACH_HOOKED_FUNCTION(hookname)                                                              \
-    if (strcmp(MEMRAY_ORIG(hookname).d_symbol, symbol_name + 1) == 0) {                                 \
+    if (strcmp(MEMRAY_ORIG(hookname).d_symbol, canonical_name + 1) == 0) {                                 \
         LOG(DEBUG) << "Extracting symbol address for " << symbol_name << " from stub function at "      \
                    << std::hex << std::showbase << stub_addr;                                           \
         void* symbol_addr = reinterpret_cast<void*>(lazy_pointer_from_stub(stub_addr));                 \