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Andorra.txt
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* Home
* Country_Information
* Andorra
General information
The information on these pages should be used to research health risks and to
inform the pre-travel consultation. For advice regarding safety and security
please check the UK Foreign and Commonwealth Office (FCO) website.
Travellers should ideally arrange an appointment with their health professional
at least four to six weeks before travel. However, even if time is short, an
appointment is still worthwhile. This appointment provides an opportunity to
assess health risks taking into account a number of factors including
destination, medical history, and planned activities. For those with pre-
existing health problems, an earlier appointment is recommended.
While most travellers have a healthy and safe trip, there are some risks that
are relevant to travellers regardless of destination. These may for example
include road traffic and other accidents, diseases transmitted by insects or
ticks, diseases transmitted by contaminated food and water, sexually
transmitted infections, or health issues related to the heat or cold.
All travellers should ensure they have adequate_travel_health_insurance.
A list of useful resources including advice on how to reduce the risk of
certain health problems is available below.
Resources
* Food_and_water_hygiene
* Insect_and_tick_bite_avoidance
* Personal_safety
* Sexually_transmitted_infections
* Sun_protection
* Home
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* Andorra
Vaccine recommendations
Details of vaccination recommendations and requirements (if any) are provided
below.
All Travellers
Travellers should be up to date with routine vaccination courses and boosters
as recommended_in_the_UK. These vaccinations include for example measles-mumps-
rubella (MMR) vaccine and diphtheria-tetanus-polio vaccine.
Those who may be at increased risk of an infectious disease due to their work,
lifestyle choice, or certain underlying health problems should be up to date
with additional recommended vaccines. See the individual chapters of the ‘Green
Book’ Immunisation_against_infectious_disease for further details.
Certificate Requirements
There are no certificate requirements under International Health Regulations
(2005).
Most Travellers
The vaccines in this section are recommended for most travellers visiting this
country. Information on these vaccines can be found by clicking on the blue
arrow. Vaccines are listed alphabetically.
Tetanus
Tetanus is caused by a toxin released from Clostridium tetani and occurs
worldwide. Tetanus bacteria are present in soil and manure and may be
introduced through open wounds such as a puncture wound, burn or scratch.
Prevention
Travellers should thoroughly clean all wounds and seek appropriate medical
attention.
Tetanus vaccination
* Travellers should have completed a primary vaccination course according to
the UK schedule.
* If travelling to a country where medical facilities may be limited, a booster
dose of a tetanus-containing vaccine is recommended if the last dose was more
than ten years ago even if five doses of vaccine have been given previously.
Country specific information on medical facilities may be found in the ‘health’
section of the FCO_foreign_travel_advice website.
Tetanus_in_brief
Some Travellers
The vaccines in this section are recommended for some travellers visiting this
country. Information on when these vaccines should be considered can be found
by clicking on the arrow. Vaccines are listed alphabetically.
Rabies (Bat Lyssavirus)
Although rare, bat lyssaviruses (bat rabies) can be transmitted to humans or
other animals following contact with the saliva of an infected bat most often
by a bite. The disease can also be transmitted if the saliva of an infected bat
gets into open wounds or mucous membranes (such as on the eye, nose or mouth).
Bat lyssaviruses can cause disease in humans that is indistinguishable from
rabies.
Symptoms can take some time to develop, but when they do the condition is
almost always fatal.
Bat lyssavirus in Andorra
Rabies has not been reported in domestic or wild animals in this country;
therefore most travellers are considered to be at low risk. However, bats may
carry bat lyssavirus (bat rabies).
Prevention
* Travellers should avoid contact with bats. Bites from bats are frequently
unrecognised. Rabies-like disease caused by bat lyssaviruses is preventable
with prompt post-exposure rabies treatment.
* Following a possible exposure, wounds should be thoroughly cleansed and an
urgent local medical assessment sought, even if the wound appears trivial.
Although rabies has not been reported in other animals in this country, it is
sensible to seek prompt medical advice if bitten or scratched. It is
possible, although very rare for bats to pass rabies-like viruses to other
animals including pets.
* Post-exposure treatment and advice should be in accordance with national
guidelines.
Rabies vaccination
* Pre-exposure rabies vaccinations are recommended for those who are at
increased risk due to their work (e.g. laboratory staff working with the
virus and those working with bats).
* Pre exposure vaccines could be considered for those whose activities put them
at increased risk of exposure to bats.
Rabies_in_brief
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* Andorra
Other risks
The risk below may be present in all or part of the country.
Altitude
There is a risk of altitude illness when travelling to destinations of 2,500
metres (8,200 feet) or higher. Important risk factors are the altitude gained,
rate of ascent and sleeping altitude. Rapid ascent without a period of
acclimatisation puts a traveller at higher risk.
There are three syndromes; acute mountain sickness (AMS), high-altitude
cerebral oedema (HACE) and high-altitude pulmonary oedema (HAPE). HACE and HAPE
require immediate descent and medical treatment.
Altitude illness in Andorra
There is a point of elevation in this country higher than 2,500 metres. An
example place of interest: Coma Pedrosa 2,942m.
Prevention
* Travellers should spend a few days at an altitude below 3,000m.
* Where possible travellers should avoid travel from altitudes less than 1,200m
to altitudes greater than 3,500m in a single day.
* Ascent above 3,000m should be gradual. Travellers should avoid increasing
sleeping elevation by more than 500m per day and ensure a rest day (at the
same altitude) every three or four days.
* Acetazolamide can be used to assist with acclimatisation, but should not
replace gradual ascent.
* Travellers who develop symptoms of AMS (headache, fatigue, loss of appetite,
nausea and sleep disturbance) should avoid further ascent. In the absence of
improvement or with progression of symptoms the first response should be to
descend.
* Development of HACE or HAPE symptoms requires immediate descent and emergency
medical treatment.
Altitude_illness_in_brief
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Important News
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