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MeasuringPROVProvenanceWebofData.tex
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\title{Measuring PROV Provenance on the Web of Data}
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% \and Wouter Beek, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam
\author{Paul Groth}
\affil{Elsevier Labs}
\author{Wouter Beek}
\affil{Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam}
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\date{May 11, 2016}
\begin{document}
\maketitle
\section{Introduction}
One of the motivations behind the original charter for the
\href{https://www.w3.org/2005/Incubator/prov/charter}{W3C Provenance
Incubator group} was the need for provenance information for Semantic
Web and Linked Data applications. Thus, a question to ask, three years
after the introduction of the
\href{https://www.w3.org/TR/prov-overview/}{W3C PROV family of
documents}, is what is the adoption of PROV by the Semantic Web
community.
A proxy for this adoption is measuring how often PROV is used within
Linked Data. In this work, we begin to do such a measurement. Our
analytics are based on the \href{http://lodlaundromat.org/}{LOD
Laundromat} (Beek et al. 2014). The LOD Laudromat crawls and cleans over
650 thousand linked data documents representing over 38 billion triples.
LOD Laudromat has been used in the past to do large scale analysis of
linked data (Rietveld et al. 2015).
Here, we focus on core statistics based around what
\href{http://www.w3.org/TR/prov-dm/}{PROV-DM} refers to as core
structures. We only look at directly asserted information about
resources in the dataset (i.e.~no inference was performed before
calculating these statistics).
\section{Statistics}\label{statistics}
We first look at how many times both the namespace is declared and how
many resources are of a given core type.
\begin{itemize}
\item The PROV namespace occurs in 1159 documents.
\item Number of Entites: 1214
\item Number of Activities: 283
\item Number of Agents: 641
\end{itemize}
We also looked at the number of PROV edges that were used with the
various documents.
\begin{itemize}
\item Number of wasDerivedFrom edges: 23088
\item Number of used edges: 0
\item Number of wasGeneratedBy edges: 0
\item Number of wasAssociatedWith edges: 0
\item Number of wasAttributedTo edges: 0
\end{itemize}
We also note that PROV has been extended by 8 other ontologies as
calculated by manual inspection of the extensions of the various core
classes as listed in the appendix.
\section{Conclusion}\label{conclusion}
This initial analysis shows some uptake within the Semantic Web
community. However, while PROV is widely referenced within the
community's literature, it appears, that direct usage of the standard
could be improved (at least within the dataset represented by the LOD
Laudromat). It should be noted that our analysis is preliminary and
there is a much room for further work. In particular, we aim to look at
the indirect usage of PROV through usage by ontologies that extend it
(e.g.~The Provenance Vocabulary) or that map to it such as Dublin Core
or \href{http://pav-ontology.github.io/pav/}{PAV}. Understanding such
indirect usage will help us better understand the true state of
provenance interoperability within Linked Data. Likewise, it would be
interesting to perform network analysis to understand the role that PROV
plays within the Linked Data network.
\section*{References}\label{references}
\begin{itemize}
\itemsep1pt\parskip0pt\parsep0pt
\item
Beek, W. \& Rietveld, L \& Bazoobandi, H.R. \& Wielemaker, J. \&
Schlobach, S.: LOD Laundromat: A Uniform Way of Publishing Other
People's Dirty Data. Proceedings of the International Semantic Web
Conference (2014).
\item
Rietveld, L. \& Beek, W. \& Schlobach, S.: LOD Lab: Experiments at LOD
Scale. Proceedings of the International Semantic Web Conference
(2015).
\end{itemize}
\section*{Appendix: Code}
\begin{Verbatim}[commandchars=\\\{\}]
{\color{incolor}In [{\color{incolor}95}]:} \PY{k+kn}{import} \PY{n+nn}{requests}
\PY{n}{nsr} \PY{o}{=} \PY{n}{requests}\PY{o}{.}\PY{n}{get}\PY{p}{(}\PY{l+s+s2}{\PYZdq{}}\PY{l+s+s2}{http://index.lodlaundromat.org/ns2d/}\PY{l+s+s2}{\PYZdq{}}\PY{p}{,} \PY{n}{params}\PY{o}{=}\PY{p}{\PYZob{}}\PY{l+s+s2}{\PYZdq{}}\PY{l+s+s2}{uri}\PY{l+s+s2}{\PYZdq{}}\PY{p}{:}\PY{l+s+s2}{\PYZdq{}}\PY{l+s+s2}{http://www.w3.org/ns/prov\PYZsh{}}\PY{l+s+s2}{\PYZdq{}}\PY{p}{\PYZcb{}}\PY{p}{)}
\PY{n}{total\PYZus{}prov\PYZus{}docs} \PY{o}{=} \PY{n}{nsr}\PY{o}{.}\PY{n}{json}\PY{p}{(}\PY{p}{)}\PY{p}{[}\PY{l+s+s2}{\PYZdq{}}\PY{l+s+s2}{totalResults}\PY{l+s+s2}{\PYZdq{}}\PY{p}{]}
\end{Verbatim}
\begin{Verbatim}[commandchars=\\\{\}]
{\color{incolor}In [{\color{incolor}87}]:} \PY{n}{nsr} \PY{o}{=} \PY{n}{requests}\PY{o}{.}\PY{n}{get}\PY{p}{(}\PY{l+s+s2}{\PYZdq{}}\PY{l+s+s2}{http://index.lodlaundromat.org/ns2d/}\PY{l+s+s2}{\PYZdq{}}\PY{p}{,} \PY{n}{params}\PY{o}{=}\PY{p}{\PYZob{}}\PY{l+s+s2}{\PYZdq{}}\PY{l+s+s2}{uri}\PY{l+s+s2}{\PYZdq{}}\PY{p}{:}\PY{l+s+s2}{\PYZdq{}}\PY{l+s+s2}{http://www.w3.org/ns/prov\PYZsh{}}\PY{l+s+s2}{\PYZdq{}}\PY{p}{,}\PY{l+s+s2}{\PYZdq{}}\PY{l+s+s2}{limit}\PY{l+s+s2}{\PYZdq{}}\PY{p}{:}\PY{n}{total\PYZus{}prov\PYZus{}docs}\PY{p}{\PYZcb{}} \PY{p}{)}
\end{Verbatim}
\begin{Verbatim}[commandchars=\\\{\}]
{\color{incolor}In [{\color{incolor}88}]:} \PY{k+kn}{import} \PY{n+nn}{io}
\PY{k+kn}{from} \PY{n+nn}{rdflib}\PY{n+nn}{.}\PY{n+nn}{namespace} \PY{k}{import} \PY{n}{RDFS}\PY{p}{,} \PY{n}{RDF}
\PY{k+kn}{from} \PY{n+nn}{rdflib}\PY{n+nn}{.}\PY{n+nn}{namespace} \PY{k}{import} \PY{n}{Namespace}
\PY{k+kn}{from} \PY{n+nn}{rdflib} \PY{k}{import} \PY{n}{Graph}
\PY{k+kn}{from} \PY{n+nn}{rdflib} \PY{k}{import} \PY{n}{URIRef}
\PY{n}{PROV} \PY{o}{=} \PY{n}{Namespace}\PY{p}{(}\PY{l+s+s1}{\PYZsq{}}\PY{l+s+s1}{http://www.w3.org/ns/prov\PYZsh{}}\PY{l+s+s1}{\PYZsq{}}\PY{p}{)}
\end{Verbatim}
\begin{Verbatim}[commandchars=\\\{\}]
{\color{incolor}In [{\color{incolor}91}]:} \PY{n}{entitySubclasses} \PY{o}{=} \PY{p}{[}\PY{p}{]}
\PY{n}{activitySubclasses} \PY{o}{=} \PY{p}{[}\PY{p}{]}
\PY{n}{agentSubclasses} \PY{o}{=} \PY{p}{[}\PY{p}{]}
\PY{n}{totalNumberOfEntities} \PY{o}{=} \PY{l+m+mi}{0}
\PY{n}{totalNumberOfActivities} \PY{o}{=} \PY{l+m+mi}{0}
\PY{n}{totalNumberOfAgents} \PY{o}{=} \PY{l+m+mi}{0}
\PY{n}{numWasDerivedFrom} \PY{o}{=} \PY{l+m+mi}{0}
\PY{n}{numUsed} \PY{o}{=} \PY{l+m+mi}{0}
\PY{n}{numWGB} \PY{o}{=} \PY{l+m+mi}{0}
\PY{n}{numWAW} \PY{o}{=} \PY{l+m+mi}{0}
\PY{n}{numWasAttributedTo} \PY{o}{=} \PY{l+m+mi}{0}
\PY{k}{for} \PY{n}{doc} \PY{o+ow}{in} \PY{n}{nsr}\PY{o}{.}\PY{n}{json}\PY{p}{(}\PY{p}{)}\PY{p}{[}\PY{l+s+s2}{\PYZdq{}}\PY{l+s+s2}{results}\PY{l+s+s2}{\PYZdq{}}\PY{p}{]}\PY{p}{:}
\PY{c+c1}{\PYZsh{}print(doc)}
\PY{n}{headers} \PY{o}{=} \PY{p}{\PYZob{}}\PY{l+s+s1}{\PYZsq{}}\PY{l+s+s1}{Accept}\PY{l+s+s1}{\PYZsq{}}\PY{p}{:} \PY{l+s+s1}{\PYZsq{}}\PY{l+s+s1}{text/turtle}\PY{l+s+s1}{\PYZsq{}}\PY{p}{\PYZcb{}}
\PY{n}{x} \PY{o}{=} \PY{n}{requests}\PY{o}{.}\PY{n}{get}\PY{p}{(}\PY{l+s+s2}{\PYZdq{}}\PY{l+s+s2}{http://ldf.lodlaundromat.org/}\PY{l+s+s2}{\PYZdq{}} \PY{o}{+} \PY{n}{doc}\PY{p}{,} \PY{n}{headers}\PY{o}{=}\PY{n}{headers}\PY{p}{)}
\PY{n}{txt\PYZus{}res} \PY{o}{=} \PY{n}{x}\PY{o}{.}\PY{n}{text}
\PY{n}{tmpGraph} \PY{o}{=} \PY{n}{Graph}\PY{p}{(}\PY{p}{)}
\PY{n}{tmpGraph}\PY{o}{.}\PY{n}{parse}\PY{p}{(}\PY{n}{io}\PY{o}{.}\PY{n}{StringIO}\PY{p}{(}\PY{n}{txt\PYZus{}res}\PY{p}{)}\PY{p}{,} \PY{n+nb}{format}\PY{o}{=}\PY{l+s+s2}{\PYZdq{}}\PY{l+s+s2}{turtle}\PY{l+s+s2}{\PYZdq{}}\PY{p}{)}
\PY{c+c1}{\PYZsh{}print(doc + \PYZdq{} \PYZdq{} + str(len(tmpGraph)))}
\PY{k}{for} \PY{n}{entityClass} \PY{o+ow}{in} \PY{n}{tmpGraph}\PY{o}{.}\PY{n}{subjects}\PY{p}{(}\PY{n}{RDFS}\PY{o}{.}\PY{n}{subClassOf}\PY{p}{,} \PY{n}{PROV}\PY{o}{.}\PY{n}{Entity}\PY{p}{)}\PY{p}{:}
\PY{c+c1}{\PYZsh{}print(entityClass)}
\PY{n}{entitySubclasses}\PY{o}{.}\PY{n}{append}\PY{p}{(}\PY{n}{entityClass}\PY{p}{)}
\PY{k}{for} \PY{n}{entity} \PY{o+ow}{in} \PY{n}{tmpGraph}\PY{o}{.}\PY{n}{subjects}\PY{p}{(}\PY{n}{RDF}\PY{o}{.}\PY{n}{type}\PY{p}{,} \PY{n}{PROV}\PY{o}{.}\PY{n}{Entity}\PY{p}{)}\PY{p}{:}
\PY{n}{totalNumberOfEntities} \PY{o}{=} \PY{n}{totalNumberOfEntities} \PY{o}{+} \PY{l+m+mi}{1}
\PY{k}{for} \PY{n}{activityClass} \PY{o+ow}{in} \PY{n}{tmpGraph}\PY{o}{.}\PY{n}{subjects}\PY{p}{(}\PY{n}{RDFS}\PY{o}{.}\PY{n}{subClassOf}\PY{p}{,} \PY{n}{PROV}\PY{o}{.}\PY{n}{Activity}\PY{p}{)}\PY{p}{:}
\PY{c+c1}{\PYZsh{}print(activityClass)}
\PY{n}{activitySubclasses}\PY{o}{.}\PY{n}{append}\PY{p}{(}\PY{n}{activityClass}\PY{p}{)}
\PY{k}{for} \PY{n}{activity} \PY{o+ow}{in} \PY{n}{tmpGraph}\PY{o}{.}\PY{n}{subjects}\PY{p}{(}\PY{n}{RDF}\PY{o}{.}\PY{n}{type}\PY{p}{,} \PY{n}{PROV}\PY{o}{.}\PY{n}{Activity}\PY{p}{)}\PY{p}{:}
\PY{n}{totalNumberOfActivities} \PY{o}{=} \PY{n}{totalNumberOfActivities} \PY{o}{+} \PY{l+m+mi}{1}
\PY{k}{for} \PY{n}{agentClass} \PY{o+ow}{in} \PY{n}{tmpGraph}\PY{o}{.}\PY{n}{subjects}\PY{p}{(}\PY{n}{RDFS}\PY{o}{.}\PY{n}{subClassOf}\PY{p}{,} \PY{n}{PROV}\PY{o}{.}\PY{n}{Agent}\PY{p}{)}\PY{p}{:}
\PY{c+c1}{\PYZsh{}print(agentClass)}
\PY{n}{agentSubclasses}\PY{o}{.}\PY{n}{append}\PY{p}{(}\PY{n}{agentClass}\PY{p}{)}
\PY{k}{for} \PY{n}{agent} \PY{o+ow}{in} \PY{n}{tmpGraph}\PY{o}{.}\PY{n}{subjects}\PY{p}{(}\PY{n}{RDF}\PY{o}{.}\PY{n}{type}\PY{p}{,} \PY{n}{PROV}\PY{o}{.}\PY{n}{Agent}\PY{p}{)}\PY{p}{:}
\PY{n}{totalNumberOfAgents} \PY{o}{=} \PY{n}{totalNumberOfAgents} \PY{o}{+} \PY{l+m+mi}{1}
\PY{c+c1}{\PYZsh{}\PYZsh{}look at relations}
\PY{k}{for} \PY{n}{s}\PY{p}{,}\PY{n}{p}\PY{p}{,}\PY{n}{o} \PY{o+ow}{in} \PY{n}{tmpGraph}\PY{o}{.}\PY{n}{triples}\PY{p}{(} \PY{p}{(}\PY{k+kc}{None}\PY{p}{,} \PY{n}{PROV}\PY{o}{.}\PY{n}{wasDerivedFrom}\PY{p}{,} \PY{k+kc}{None} \PY{p}{)}\PY{p}{)}\PY{p}{:}
\PY{n}{numWasDerivedFrom} \PY{o}{=} \PY{n}{numWasDerivedFrom} \PY{o}{+} \PY{l+m+mi}{1}
\PY{k}{for} \PY{n}{s}\PY{p}{,}\PY{n}{p}\PY{p}{,}\PY{n}{o} \PY{o+ow}{in} \PY{n}{tmpGraph}\PY{o}{.}\PY{n}{triples}\PY{p}{(} \PY{p}{(}\PY{k+kc}{None}\PY{p}{,} \PY{n}{PROV}\PY{o}{.}\PY{n}{used}\PY{p}{,} \PY{k+kc}{None} \PY{p}{)}\PY{p}{)}\PY{p}{:}
\PY{n}{numUsed} \PY{o}{=} \PY{n}{numUsed} \PY{o}{+} \PY{l+m+mi}{1}
\PY{k}{for} \PY{n}{s}\PY{p}{,}\PY{n}{p}\PY{p}{,}\PY{n}{o} \PY{o+ow}{in} \PY{n}{tmpGraph}\PY{o}{.}\PY{n}{triples}\PY{p}{(} \PY{p}{(}\PY{k+kc}{None}\PY{p}{,} \PY{n}{PROV}\PY{o}{.}\PY{n}{wasGeneratedBy}\PY{p}{,} \PY{k+kc}{None} \PY{p}{)}\PY{p}{)}\PY{p}{:}
\PY{n}{numWGB} \PY{o}{=} \PY{n}{numWGB} \PY{o}{+} \PY{l+m+mi}{1}
\PY{k}{for} \PY{n}{s}\PY{p}{,}\PY{n}{p}\PY{p}{,}\PY{n}{o} \PY{o+ow}{in} \PY{n}{tmpGraph}\PY{o}{.}\PY{n}{triples}\PY{p}{(} \PY{p}{(}\PY{k+kc}{None}\PY{p}{,} \PY{n}{PROV}\PY{o}{.}\PY{n}{wasAssociatedWith}\PY{p}{,} \PY{k+kc}{None} \PY{p}{)}\PY{p}{)}\PY{p}{:}
\PY{n}{numWAW} \PY{o}{=} \PY{n}{numWAW} \PY{o}{+} \PY{l+m+mi}{1}
\PY{k}{for} \PY{n}{s}\PY{p}{,}\PY{n}{p}\PY{p}{,}\PY{n}{o} \PY{o+ow}{in} \PY{n}{tmpGraph}\PY{o}{.}\PY{n}{triples}\PY{p}{(} \PY{p}{(}\PY{k+kc}{None}\PY{p}{,} \PY{n}{PROV}\PY{o}{.}\PY{n}{wasAttributedTo}\PY{p}{,} \PY{k+kc}{None}\PY{p}{)} \PY{p}{)}\PY{p}{:}
\PY{n}{numWasAttributedTo} \PY{o}{=} \PY{n}{numWasAttributedTo} \PY{o}{+} \PY{l+m+mi}{1}
\end{Verbatim}
\begin{Verbatim}[commandchars=\\\{\}]
{\color{incolor}In [{\color{incolor}126}]:} \PY{k+kn}{from} \PY{n+nn}{IPython}\PY{n+nn}{.}\PY{n+nn}{display} \PY{k}{import} \PY{n}{display}\PY{p}{,} \PY{n}{Markdown}
\PY{n}{output} \PY{o}{=} \PY{l+s+s2}{\PYZdq{}}\PY{l+s+s2}{\PYZsh{}\PYZsh{}\PYZsh{} Statistics }\PY{l+s+se}{\PYZbs{}n}\PY{l+s+s2}{\PYZdq{}}
\PY{n}{output} \PY{o}{+}\PY{o}{=} \PY{l+s+s2}{\PYZdq{}}\PY{l+s+s2}{We first look at how many times both the namespace is declared and how many resources are of a given core type.}\PY{l+s+se}{\PYZbs{}n}\PY{l+s+s2}{\PYZdq{}}
\PY{n}{output} \PY{o}{+}\PY{o}{=} \PY{l+s+s2}{\PYZdq{}}\PY{l+s+s2}{* The PROV namespace occurs in }\PY{l+s+s2}{\PYZdq{}} \PY{o}{+} \PY{n+nb}{str}\PY{p}{(}\PY{n}{total\PYZus{}prov\PYZus{}docs}\PY{p}{)} \PY{o}{+} \PY{l+s+s2}{\PYZdq{}}\PY{l+s+s2}{ documents.}\PY{l+s+se}{\PYZbs{}n}\PY{l+s+s2}{\PYZdq{}}
\PY{n}{output} \PY{o}{+}\PY{o}{=} \PY{l+s+s2}{\PYZdq{}}\PY{l+s+s2}{* Number of Entites: }\PY{l+s+s2}{\PYZdq{}} \PY{o}{+} \PY{n+nb}{str}\PY{p}{(}\PY{n}{totalNumberOfEntities}\PY{p}{)} \PY{o}{+} \PY{l+s+s2}{\PYZdq{}}\PY{l+s+se}{\PYZbs{}n}\PY{l+s+s2}{\PYZdq{}}
\PY{n}{output} \PY{o}{+}\PY{o}{=} \PY{l+s+s2}{\PYZdq{}}\PY{l+s+s2}{* Number of Activities: }\PY{l+s+s2}{\PYZdq{}} \PY{o}{+} \PY{n+nb}{str}\PY{p}{(}\PY{n}{totalNumberOfActivities}\PY{p}{)} \PY{o}{+} \PY{l+s+s2}{\PYZdq{}}\PY{l+s+se}{\PYZbs{}n}\PY{l+s+s2}{\PYZdq{}}
\PY{n}{output} \PY{o}{+}\PY{o}{=} \PY{l+s+s2}{\PYZdq{}}\PY{l+s+s2}{* Number of Agents: }\PY{l+s+s2}{\PYZdq{}} \PY{o}{+} \PY{n+nb}{str}\PY{p}{(}\PY{n}{totalNumberOfAgents}\PY{p}{)} \PY{o}{+} \PY{l+s+s2}{\PYZdq{}}\PY{l+s+se}{\PYZbs{}n}\PY{l+s+se}{\PYZbs{}n}\PY{l+s+s2}{\PYZdq{}}
\PY{n}{output} \PY{o}{+}\PY{o}{=} \PY{l+s+s2}{\PYZdq{}}\PY{l+s+s2}{We also looked at the number of PROV edges that were used with the various documents.}\PY{l+s+se}{\PYZbs{}n}\PY{l+s+s2}{\PYZdq{}}
\PY{n}{output} \PY{o}{+}\PY{o}{=} \PY{l+s+s2}{\PYZdq{}}\PY{l+s+s2}{* Number of wasDerivedFrom edges: }\PY{l+s+s2}{\PYZdq{}} \PY{o}{+} \PY{n+nb}{str}\PY{p}{(}\PY{n}{numWasDerivedFrom}\PY{p}{)} \PY{o}{+} \PY{l+s+s2}{\PYZdq{}}\PY{l+s+se}{\PYZbs{}n}\PY{l+s+s2}{\PYZdq{}}
\PY{n}{output} \PY{o}{+}\PY{o}{=} \PY{l+s+s2}{\PYZdq{}}\PY{l+s+s2}{* Number of used edges: }\PY{l+s+s2}{\PYZdq{}} \PY{o}{+} \PY{n+nb}{str}\PY{p}{(}\PY{n}{numUsed}\PY{p}{)} \PY{o}{+} \PY{l+s+s2}{\PYZdq{}}\PY{l+s+se}{\PYZbs{}n}\PY{l+s+s2}{\PYZdq{}}
\PY{n}{output} \PY{o}{+}\PY{o}{=} \PY{l+s+s2}{\PYZdq{}}\PY{l+s+s2}{* Number of wasGeneratedBy edges: }\PY{l+s+s2}{\PYZdq{}} \PY{o}{+} \PY{n+nb}{str}\PY{p}{(}\PY{n}{numWGB}\PY{p}{)} \PY{o}{+} \PY{l+s+s2}{\PYZdq{}}\PY{l+s+se}{\PYZbs{}n}\PY{l+s+s2}{\PYZdq{}}
\PY{n}{output} \PY{o}{+}\PY{o}{=} \PY{l+s+s2}{\PYZdq{}}\PY{l+s+s2}{* Number of wasAssociatedWith edges: }\PY{l+s+s2}{\PYZdq{}} \PY{o}{+} \PY{n+nb}{str}\PY{p}{(}\PY{n}{numWAW}\PY{p}{)} \PY{o}{+} \PY{l+s+s2}{\PYZdq{}}\PY{l+s+se}{\PYZbs{}n}\PY{l+s+s2}{\PYZdq{}}
\PY{n}{output} \PY{o}{+}\PY{o}{=} \PY{l+s+s2}{\PYZdq{}}\PY{l+s+s2}{* Number of wasAttributedTo edges: }\PY{l+s+s2}{\PYZdq{}} \PY{o}{+} \PY{n+nb}{str}\PY{p}{(}\PY{n}{numWasAttributedTo}\PY{p}{)} \PY{o}{+} \PY{l+s+s2}{\PYZdq{}}\PY{l+s+se}{\PYZbs{}n}\PY{l+s+se}{\PYZbs{}n}\PY{l+s+s2}{\PYZdq{}}
\PY{n}{display}\PY{p}{(}\PY{n}{Markdown}\PY{p}{(}\PY{n}{output}\PY{p}{)}\PY{p}{)}
\end{Verbatim}
\section*{Appendix: Classes that subclass a PROV core
class}\label{appendix-classes-that-subclass-a-prov-core-class}
\begin{Verbatim}[commandchars=\\\{\}]
{\color{incolor}In [{\color{incolor}120}]:} \PY{n+nb}{print}\PY{p}{(}\PY{l+s+s2}{\PYZdq{}}\PY{l+s+s2}{Subclasses of Entity}\PY{l+s+s2}{\PYZdq{}}\PY{p}{)}
\PY{k}{for} \PY{n}{i} \PY{o+ow}{in} \PY{n}{entitySubclasses}\PY{p}{:}
\PY{n+nb}{print}\PY{p}{(}\PY{n}{i}\PY{p}{)}
\PY{n+nb}{print}\PY{p}{(}\PY{l+s+s2}{\PYZdq{}}\PY{l+s+s2}{Subclasses of Activity}\PY{l+s+s2}{\PYZdq{}}\PY{p}{)}
\PY{k}{for} \PY{n}{i} \PY{o+ow}{in} \PY{n}{activitySubclasses}\PY{p}{:}
\PY{n+nb}{print}\PY{p}{(}\PY{n}{i}\PY{p}{)}
\PY{n+nb}{print}\PY{p}{(}\PY{l+s+s2}{\PYZdq{}}\PY{l+s+s2}{Subclasses of Agent}\PY{l+s+s2}{\PYZdq{}}\PY{p}{)}
\PY{k}{for} \PY{n}{i} \PY{o+ow}{in} \PY{n}{agentSubclasses}\PY{p}{:}
\PY{n+nb}{print}\PY{p}{(}\PY{n}{i}\PY{p}{)}
\end{Verbatim}
\begin{Verbatim}[commandchars=\\\{\}]
Subclasses of Entity
http://www.gsi.dit.upm.es/ontologies/marl/ns\#Opinion
http://purl.org/net/p-plan\#Entity
http://www.w3.org/ns/prov\#Plan
http://www.w3.org/ns/prov\#Bundle
http://www.w3.org/ns/prov\#Collection
http://www.opmw.org/ontology/WorkflowExecutionArtifact
http://purl.org/twc/vocab/vsr\#Color
http://www.co-ode.org/ontologies/ont.owl\#Graphic
http://purl.org/twc/vocab/vsr\#Root
http://purl.org/twc/vocab/vsr\#Color
http://www.co-ode.org/ontologies/ont.owl\#Graphic
http://purl.org/twc/vocab/vsr\#Root
http://purl.org/net/provenance/ns\#DataItem
http://purl.org/net/provenance/ns\#File
http://purl.org/net/provenance/ns\#Immutable
http://purl.org/net/provenance/ns\#File
http://purl.org/net/provenance/ns\#Immutable
http://purl.org/net/provenance/ns\#DataItem
Subclasses of Activity
http://www.gsi.dit.upm.es/ontologies/marl/ns\#SentimentAnalysis
http://spitfire-project.eu/ontology/ns/Activity
http://www.w3.org/ns/org\#ChangeEvent
http://purl.org/net/p-plan\#Activity
http://www.opmw.org/ontology/WorkflowExecutionProcess
http://www.w3.org/ns/org\#ChangeEvent
http://purl.org/net/provenance/ns\#DataCreation
http://purl.org/net/provenance/ns\#DataAccess
http://purl.org/net/provenance/ns\#DataCreation
http://purl.org/net/provenance/ns\#DataAccess
Subclasses of Agent
http://spitfire-project.eu/ontology/ns/Agent
http://purl.org/net/provenance/types\#DataCreator
http://purl.org/net/provenance/ns\#HumanAgent
http://purl.org/net/provenance/ns\#HumanAgent
\end{Verbatim}
% Add a bibliography block to the postdoc
\end{document}