diff --git a/speculative_reading/HemingwayBorrowing.ipynb b/speculative_reading/HemingwayBorrowing.ipynb
index 1b5b64d..808ac80 100644
--- a/speculative_reading/HemingwayBorrowing.ipynb
+++ b/speculative_reading/HemingwayBorrowing.ipynb
@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
+   "execution_count": 1,
    "metadata": {
     "id": "q81hUE1mUVIf"
    },
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
+   "execution_count": 2,
    "metadata": {},
    "outputs": [],
    "source": [
@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
+   "execution_count": 3,
    "metadata": {
     "colab": {
      "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
@@ -78,7 +78,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
+   "execution_count": 4,
    "metadata": {
     "colab": {
      "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
@@ -93,7 +93,7 @@
        "117"
       ]
      },
-     "execution_count": 5,
+     "execution_count": 4,
      "metadata": {},
      "output_type": "execute_result"
     }
@@ -106,7 +106,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
+   "execution_count": 5,
    "metadata": {},
    "outputs": [
     {
@@ -204,7 +204,7 @@
        "5643  Flaubert, Gustave     1869.0                  15.0  "
       ]
      },
-     "execution_count": 6,
+     "execution_count": 5,
      "metadata": {},
      "output_type": "execute_result"
     }
@@ -228,7 +228,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 7,
+   "execution_count": 6,
    "metadata": {},
    "outputs": [
     {
@@ -358,7 +358,7 @@
        "5643  1925-10-12 to 1925-10-27       15  "
       ]
      },
-     "execution_count": 7,
+     "execution_count": 6,
      "metadata": {},
      "output_type": "execute_result"
     }
@@ -401,7 +401,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
+   "execution_count": 18,
    "metadata": {
     "colab": {
      "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
@@ -411,70 +411,44 @@
     "outputId": "fc3801e1-a471-4c9c-950c-84ab3e1080d4"
    },
    "outputs": [
+    {
+     "ename": "ValueError",
+     "evalue": "item encoding field is specified without a type; the type cannot be inferred because it does not match any column in the data.",
+     "output_type": "error",
+     "traceback": [
+      "\u001b[0;31m---------------------------------------------------------------------------\u001b[0m",
+      "\u001b[0;31mValueError\u001b[0m                                Traceback (most recent call last)",
+      "\u001b[0;32m~/workarea/env/shxco_missing_data/lib/python3.9/site-packages/altair/vegalite/v4/api.py\u001b[0m in \u001b[0;36m?\u001b[0;34m(self, include, exclude)\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m   1672\u001b[0m         \u001b[0;31m# see https://github.com/ipython/ipython/issues/11038\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m   1673\u001b[0m         \u001b[0;32mtry\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m:\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m   1674\u001b[0m             \u001b[0mdct\u001b[0m \u001b[0;34m=\u001b[0m \u001b[0mself\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m.\u001b[0m\u001b[0mto_dict\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m)\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m   1675\u001b[0m         \u001b[0;32mexcept\u001b[0m \u001b[0mException\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m:\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0;32m-> 1676\u001b[0;31m             \u001b[0mutils\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m.\u001b[0m\u001b[0mdisplay_traceback\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0min_ipython\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m=\u001b[0m\u001b[0;32mTrue\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m)\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0m\u001b[1;32m   1677\u001b[0m             \u001b[0;32mreturn\u001b[0m \u001b[0;34m{\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m}\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m   1678\u001b[0m         \u001b[0;32melse\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m:\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m   1679\u001b[0m             \u001b[0;32mreturn\u001b[0m \u001b[0mrenderers\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m.\u001b[0m\u001b[0mget\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m)\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0mdct\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m)\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n",
+      "\u001b[0;32m~/workarea/env/shxco_missing_data/lib/python3.9/site-packages/altair/vegalite/v4/api.py\u001b[0m in \u001b[0;36m?\u001b[0;34m(self, *args, **kwargs)\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m    382\u001b[0m \u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m    383\u001b[0m         \u001b[0;32mtry\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m:\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m    384\u001b[0m             \u001b[0mdct\u001b[0m \u001b[0;34m=\u001b[0m \u001b[0msuper\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0mTopLevelMixin\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m \u001b[0mcopy\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m)\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m.\u001b[0m\u001b[0mto_dict\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m*\u001b[0m\u001b[0margs\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m \u001b[0;34m**\u001b[0m\u001b[0mkwargs\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m)\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m    385\u001b[0m         \u001b[0;32mexcept\u001b[0m \u001b[0mjsonschema\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m.\u001b[0m\u001b[0mValidationError\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m:\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0;32m--> 386\u001b[0;31m             \u001b[0mdct\u001b[0m \u001b[0;34m=\u001b[0m \u001b[0;32mNone\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0m\u001b[1;32m    387\u001b[0m \u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m    388\u001b[0m         \u001b[0;31m# If we hit an error, then re-convert with validate='deep' to get\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m    389\u001b[0m         \u001b[0;31m# a more useful traceback. We don't do this by default because it's\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n",
+      "\u001b[0;32m~/workarea/env/shxco_missing_data/lib/python3.9/site-packages/altair/utils/schemapi.py\u001b[0m in \u001b[0;36m?\u001b[0;34m(self, validate, ignore, context)\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m    342\u001b[0m \u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m    343\u001b[0m         \u001b[0;32mif\u001b[0m \u001b[0mself\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m.\u001b[0m\u001b[0m_args\u001b[0m \u001b[0;32mand\u001b[0m \u001b[0;32mnot\u001b[0m \u001b[0mself\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m.\u001b[0m\u001b[0m_kwds\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m:\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m    344\u001b[0m             \u001b[0mresult\u001b[0m \u001b[0;34m=\u001b[0m \u001b[0m_todict\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0mself\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m.\u001b[0m\u001b[0m_args\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m[\u001b[0m\u001b[0;36m0\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m]\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m \u001b[0mvalidate\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m=\u001b[0m\u001b[0msub_validate\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m \u001b[0mcontext\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m=\u001b[0m\u001b[0mcontext\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m)\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m    345\u001b[0m         \u001b[0;32melif\u001b[0m \u001b[0;32mnot\u001b[0m \u001b[0mself\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m.\u001b[0m\u001b[0m_args\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m:\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0;32m--> 346\u001b[0;31m             result = _todict(\n\u001b[0m\u001b[1;32m    347\u001b[0m                 \u001b[0;34m{\u001b[0m\u001b[0mk\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m:\u001b[0m \u001b[0mv\u001b[0m \u001b[0;32mfor\u001b[0m \u001b[0mk\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m \u001b[0mv\u001b[0m \u001b[0;32min\u001b[0m \u001b[0mself\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m.\u001b[0m\u001b[0m_kwds\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m.\u001b[0m\u001b[0mitems\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m)\u001b[0m \u001b[0;32mif\u001b[0m \u001b[0mk\u001b[0m \u001b[0;32mnot\u001b[0m \u001b[0;32min\u001b[0m \u001b[0mignore\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m}\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m    348\u001b[0m                 \u001b[0mvalidate\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m=\u001b[0m\u001b[0msub_validate\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m    349\u001b[0m                 \u001b[0mcontext\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m=\u001b[0m\u001b[0mcontext\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n",
+      "\u001b[0;32m~/workarea/env/shxco_missing_data/lib/python3.9/site-packages/altair/utils/schemapi.py\u001b[0m in \u001b[0;36m?\u001b[0;34m(obj, validate, context)\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m     76\u001b[0m         \u001b[0;32mreturn\u001b[0m \u001b[0mobj\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m.\u001b[0m\u001b[0mto_dict\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0mvalidate\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m=\u001b[0m\u001b[0mvalidate\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m \u001b[0mcontext\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m=\u001b[0m\u001b[0mcontext\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m)\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m     77\u001b[0m     \u001b[0;32melif\u001b[0m \u001b[0misinstance\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0mobj\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m \u001b[0;34m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0mlist\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m \u001b[0mtuple\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m \u001b[0mnp\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m.\u001b[0m\u001b[0mndarray\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m)\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m)\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m:\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m     78\u001b[0m         \u001b[0;32mreturn\u001b[0m \u001b[0;34m[\u001b[0m\u001b[0m_todict\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0mv\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m \u001b[0mvalidate\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m \u001b[0mcontext\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m)\u001b[0m \u001b[0;32mfor\u001b[0m \u001b[0mv\u001b[0m \u001b[0;32min\u001b[0m \u001b[0mobj\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m]\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m     79\u001b[0m     \u001b[0;32melif\u001b[0m \u001b[0misinstance\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0mobj\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m \u001b[0mdict\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m)\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m:\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0;32m---> 80\u001b[0;31m         return {\n\u001b[0m\u001b[1;32m     81\u001b[0m             \u001b[0mk\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m:\u001b[0m \u001b[0m_todict\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0mv\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m \u001b[0mvalidate\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m \u001b[0mcontext\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m)\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m     82\u001b[0m             \u001b[0;32mfor\u001b[0m \u001b[0mk\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m \u001b[0mv\u001b[0m \u001b[0;32min\u001b[0m \u001b[0mobj\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m.\u001b[0m\u001b[0mitems\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m)\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m     83\u001b[0m             \u001b[0;32mif\u001b[0m \u001b[0mv\u001b[0m \u001b[0;32mis\u001b[0m \u001b[0;32mnot\u001b[0m \u001b[0mUndefined\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n",
+      "\u001b[0;32m~/workarea/env/shxco_missing_data/lib/python3.9/site-packages/altair/utils/schemapi.py\u001b[0m in \u001b[0;36m?\u001b[0;34m(.0)\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m     80\u001b[0m \u001b[0;32mdef\u001b[0m \u001b[0m_todict\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0mobj\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m \u001b[0mvalidate\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m \u001b[0mcontext\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m)\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m:\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0;32m---> 81\u001b[0;31m     \u001b[0;34m\"\"\"Convert an object to a dict representation.\"\"\"\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0m\u001b[1;32m     82\u001b[0m     \u001b[0;32mif\u001b[0m \u001b[0misinstance\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0mobj\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m \u001b[0mSchemaBase\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m)\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m:\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m     83\u001b[0m         \u001b[0;32mreturn\u001b[0m \u001b[0mobj\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m.\u001b[0m\u001b[0mto_dict\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0mvalidate\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m=\u001b[0m\u001b[0mvalidate\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m \u001b[0mcontext\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m=\u001b[0m\u001b[0mcontext\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m)\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m     84\u001b[0m     \u001b[0;32melif\u001b[0m \u001b[0misinstance\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0mobj\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m \u001b[0;34m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0mlist\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m \u001b[0mtuple\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m \u001b[0mnp\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m.\u001b[0m\u001b[0mndarray\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m)\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m)\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m:\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n",
+      "\u001b[0;32m~/workarea/env/shxco_missing_data/lib/python3.9/site-packages/altair/utils/schemapi.py\u001b[0m in \u001b[0;36m?\u001b[0;34m(obj, validate, context)\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m     74\u001b[0m     \u001b[0;34m\"\"\"Convert an object to a dict representation.\"\"\"\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m     75\u001b[0m     \u001b[0;32mif\u001b[0m \u001b[0misinstance\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0mobj\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m \u001b[0mSchemaBase\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m)\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m:\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m     76\u001b[0m         \u001b[0;32mreturn\u001b[0m \u001b[0mobj\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m.\u001b[0m\u001b[0mto_dict\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0mvalidate\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m=\u001b[0m\u001b[0mvalidate\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m \u001b[0mcontext\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m=\u001b[0m\u001b[0mcontext\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m)\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m     77\u001b[0m     \u001b[0;32melif\u001b[0m \u001b[0misinstance\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0mobj\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m \u001b[0;34m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0mlist\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m \u001b[0mtuple\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m \u001b[0mnp\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m.\u001b[0m\u001b[0mndarray\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m)\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m)\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m:\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0;32m---> 78\u001b[0;31m         \u001b[0;32mreturn\u001b[0m \u001b[0;34m[\u001b[0m\u001b[0m_todict\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0mv\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m \u001b[0mvalidate\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m \u001b[0mcontext\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m)\u001b[0m \u001b[0;32mfor\u001b[0m \u001b[0mv\u001b[0m \u001b[0;32min\u001b[0m \u001b[0mobj\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m]\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0m\u001b[1;32m     79\u001b[0m     \u001b[0;32melif\u001b[0m \u001b[0misinstance\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0mobj\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m \u001b[0mdict\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m)\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m:\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m     80\u001b[0m         return {\n\u001b[1;32m     81\u001b[0m             \u001b[0mk\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m:\u001b[0m \u001b[0m_todict\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0mv\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m \u001b[0mvalidate\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m \u001b[0mcontext\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m)\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n",
+      "\u001b[0;32m~/workarea/env/shxco_missing_data/lib/python3.9/site-packages/altair/utils/schemapi.py\u001b[0m in \u001b[0;36m?\u001b[0;34m(.0)\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0;32m---> 78\u001b[0;31m \u001b[0;32mdef\u001b[0m \u001b[0m_todict\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0mobj\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m \u001b[0mvalidate\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m \u001b[0mcontext\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m)\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m:\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0m\u001b[1;32m     79\u001b[0m     \u001b[0;34m\"\"\"Convert an object to a dict representation.\"\"\"\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m     80\u001b[0m     \u001b[0;32mif\u001b[0m \u001b[0misinstance\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0mobj\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m \u001b[0mSchemaBase\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m)\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m:\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m     81\u001b[0m         \u001b[0;32mreturn\u001b[0m \u001b[0mobj\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m.\u001b[0m\u001b[0mto_dict\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0mvalidate\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m=\u001b[0m\u001b[0mvalidate\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m \u001b[0mcontext\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m=\u001b[0m\u001b[0mcontext\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m)\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n",
+      "\u001b[0;32m~/workarea/env/shxco_missing_data/lib/python3.9/site-packages/altair/utils/schemapi.py\u001b[0m in \u001b[0;36m?\u001b[0;34m(obj, validate, context)\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m     73\u001b[0m \u001b[0;32mdef\u001b[0m \u001b[0m_todict\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0mobj\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m \u001b[0mvalidate\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m \u001b[0mcontext\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m)\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m:\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m     74\u001b[0m     \u001b[0;34m\"\"\"Convert an object to a dict representation.\"\"\"\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m     75\u001b[0m     \u001b[0;32mif\u001b[0m \u001b[0misinstance\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0mobj\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m \u001b[0mSchemaBase\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m)\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m:\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0;32m---> 76\u001b[0;31m         \u001b[0;32mreturn\u001b[0m \u001b[0mobj\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m.\u001b[0m\u001b[0mto_dict\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0mvalidate\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m=\u001b[0m\u001b[0mvalidate\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m \u001b[0mcontext\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m=\u001b[0m\u001b[0mcontext\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m)\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0m\u001b[1;32m     77\u001b[0m     \u001b[0;32melif\u001b[0m \u001b[0misinstance\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0mobj\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m \u001b[0;34m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0mlist\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m \u001b[0mtuple\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m \u001b[0mnp\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m.\u001b[0m\u001b[0mndarray\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m)\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m)\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m:\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m     78\u001b[0m         \u001b[0;32mreturn\u001b[0m \u001b[0;34m[\u001b[0m\u001b[0m_todict\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0mv\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m \u001b[0mvalidate\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m \u001b[0mcontext\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m)\u001b[0m \u001b[0;32mfor\u001b[0m \u001b[0mv\u001b[0m \u001b[0;32min\u001b[0m \u001b[0mobj\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m]\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m     79\u001b[0m     \u001b[0;32melif\u001b[0m \u001b[0misinstance\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0mobj\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m \u001b[0mdict\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m)\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m:\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n",
+      "\u001b[0;32m~/workarea/env/shxco_missing_data/lib/python3.9/site-packages/altair/vegalite/v4/api.py\u001b[0m in \u001b[0;36m?\u001b[0;34m(self, *args, **kwargs)\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m   2016\u001b[0m             \u001b[0;31m# for easier specification of datum encodings.\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m   2017\u001b[0m             \u001b[0mcopy\u001b[0m \u001b[0;34m=\u001b[0m \u001b[0mself\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m.\u001b[0m\u001b[0mcopy\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0mdeep\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m=\u001b[0m\u001b[0;32mFalse\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m)\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m   2018\u001b[0m             \u001b[0mcopy\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m.\u001b[0m\u001b[0mdata\u001b[0m \u001b[0;34m=\u001b[0m \u001b[0mcore\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m.\u001b[0m\u001b[0mInlineData\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0mvalues\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m=\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m[\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m{\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m}\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m]\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m)\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m   2019\u001b[0m             \u001b[0;32mreturn\u001b[0m \u001b[0msuper\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0mChart\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m \u001b[0mcopy\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m)\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m.\u001b[0m\u001b[0mto_dict\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m*\u001b[0m\u001b[0margs\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m \u001b[0;34m**\u001b[0m\u001b[0mkwargs\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m)\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0;32m-> 2020\u001b[0;31m         \u001b[0;32mreturn\u001b[0m \u001b[0msuper\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m)\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m.\u001b[0m\u001b[0mto_dict\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m*\u001b[0m\u001b[0margs\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m \u001b[0;34m**\u001b[0m\u001b[0mkwargs\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m)\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0m",
+      "\u001b[0;32m~/workarea/env/shxco_missing_data/lib/python3.9/site-packages/altair/vegalite/v4/api.py\u001b[0m in \u001b[0;36m?\u001b[0;34m(self, *args, **kwargs)\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m    382\u001b[0m \u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m    383\u001b[0m         \u001b[0;32mtry\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m:\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m    384\u001b[0m             \u001b[0mdct\u001b[0m \u001b[0;34m=\u001b[0m \u001b[0msuper\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0mTopLevelMixin\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m \u001b[0mcopy\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m)\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m.\u001b[0m\u001b[0mto_dict\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m*\u001b[0m\u001b[0margs\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m \u001b[0;34m**\u001b[0m\u001b[0mkwargs\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m)\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m    385\u001b[0m         \u001b[0;32mexcept\u001b[0m \u001b[0mjsonschema\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m.\u001b[0m\u001b[0mValidationError\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m:\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0;32m--> 386\u001b[0;31m             \u001b[0mdct\u001b[0m \u001b[0;34m=\u001b[0m \u001b[0;32mNone\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0m\u001b[1;32m    387\u001b[0m \u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m    388\u001b[0m         \u001b[0;31m# If we hit an error, then re-convert with validate='deep' to get\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m    389\u001b[0m         \u001b[0;31m# a more useful traceback. We don't do this by default because it's\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n",
+      "\u001b[0;32m~/workarea/env/shxco_missing_data/lib/python3.9/site-packages/altair/utils/schemapi.py\u001b[0m in \u001b[0;36m?\u001b[0;34m(self, validate, ignore, context)\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m    342\u001b[0m \u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m    343\u001b[0m         \u001b[0;32mif\u001b[0m \u001b[0mself\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m.\u001b[0m\u001b[0m_args\u001b[0m \u001b[0;32mand\u001b[0m \u001b[0;32mnot\u001b[0m \u001b[0mself\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m.\u001b[0m\u001b[0m_kwds\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m:\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m    344\u001b[0m             \u001b[0mresult\u001b[0m \u001b[0;34m=\u001b[0m \u001b[0m_todict\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0mself\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m.\u001b[0m\u001b[0m_args\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m[\u001b[0m\u001b[0;36m0\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m]\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m \u001b[0mvalidate\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m=\u001b[0m\u001b[0msub_validate\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m \u001b[0mcontext\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m=\u001b[0m\u001b[0mcontext\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m)\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m    345\u001b[0m         \u001b[0;32melif\u001b[0m \u001b[0;32mnot\u001b[0m \u001b[0mself\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m.\u001b[0m\u001b[0m_args\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m:\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0;32m--> 346\u001b[0;31m             result = _todict(\n\u001b[0m\u001b[1;32m    347\u001b[0m                 \u001b[0;34m{\u001b[0m\u001b[0mk\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m:\u001b[0m \u001b[0mv\u001b[0m \u001b[0;32mfor\u001b[0m \u001b[0mk\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m \u001b[0mv\u001b[0m \u001b[0;32min\u001b[0m \u001b[0mself\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m.\u001b[0m\u001b[0m_kwds\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m.\u001b[0m\u001b[0mitems\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m)\u001b[0m \u001b[0;32mif\u001b[0m \u001b[0mk\u001b[0m \u001b[0;32mnot\u001b[0m \u001b[0;32min\u001b[0m \u001b[0mignore\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m}\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m    348\u001b[0m                 \u001b[0mvalidate\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m=\u001b[0m\u001b[0msub_validate\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m    349\u001b[0m                 \u001b[0mcontext\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m=\u001b[0m\u001b[0mcontext\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n",
+      "\u001b[0;32m~/workarea/env/shxco_missing_data/lib/python3.9/site-packages/altair/utils/schemapi.py\u001b[0m in \u001b[0;36m?\u001b[0;34m(obj, validate, context)\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m     76\u001b[0m         \u001b[0;32mreturn\u001b[0m \u001b[0mobj\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m.\u001b[0m\u001b[0mto_dict\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0mvalidate\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m=\u001b[0m\u001b[0mvalidate\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m \u001b[0mcontext\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m=\u001b[0m\u001b[0mcontext\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m)\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m     77\u001b[0m     \u001b[0;32melif\u001b[0m \u001b[0misinstance\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0mobj\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m \u001b[0;34m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0mlist\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m \u001b[0mtuple\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m \u001b[0mnp\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m.\u001b[0m\u001b[0mndarray\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m)\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m)\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m:\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m     78\u001b[0m         \u001b[0;32mreturn\u001b[0m \u001b[0;34m[\u001b[0m\u001b[0m_todict\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0mv\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m \u001b[0mvalidate\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m \u001b[0mcontext\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m)\u001b[0m \u001b[0;32mfor\u001b[0m \u001b[0mv\u001b[0m \u001b[0;32min\u001b[0m \u001b[0mobj\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m]\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m     79\u001b[0m     \u001b[0;32melif\u001b[0m \u001b[0misinstance\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0mobj\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m \u001b[0mdict\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m)\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m:\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0;32m---> 80\u001b[0;31m         return {\n\u001b[0m\u001b[1;32m     81\u001b[0m             \u001b[0mk\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m:\u001b[0m \u001b[0m_todict\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0mv\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m \u001b[0mvalidate\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m \u001b[0mcontext\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m)\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m     82\u001b[0m             \u001b[0;32mfor\u001b[0m \u001b[0mk\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m \u001b[0mv\u001b[0m \u001b[0;32min\u001b[0m \u001b[0mobj\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m.\u001b[0m\u001b[0mitems\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m)\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m     83\u001b[0m             \u001b[0;32mif\u001b[0m \u001b[0mv\u001b[0m \u001b[0;32mis\u001b[0m \u001b[0;32mnot\u001b[0m \u001b[0mUndefined\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n",
+      "\u001b[0;32m~/workarea/env/shxco_missing_data/lib/python3.9/site-packages/altair/utils/schemapi.py\u001b[0m in \u001b[0;36m?\u001b[0;34m(.0)\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m     80\u001b[0m \u001b[0;32mdef\u001b[0m \u001b[0m_todict\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0mobj\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m \u001b[0mvalidate\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m \u001b[0mcontext\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m)\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m:\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0;32m---> 81\u001b[0;31m     \u001b[0;34m\"\"\"Convert an object to a dict representation.\"\"\"\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0m\u001b[1;32m     82\u001b[0m     \u001b[0;32mif\u001b[0m \u001b[0misinstance\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0mobj\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m \u001b[0mSchemaBase\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m)\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m:\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m     83\u001b[0m         \u001b[0;32mreturn\u001b[0m \u001b[0mobj\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m.\u001b[0m\u001b[0mto_dict\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0mvalidate\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m=\u001b[0m\u001b[0mvalidate\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m \u001b[0mcontext\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m=\u001b[0m\u001b[0mcontext\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m)\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m     84\u001b[0m     \u001b[0;32melif\u001b[0m \u001b[0misinstance\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0mobj\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m \u001b[0;34m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0mlist\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m \u001b[0mtuple\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m \u001b[0mnp\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m.\u001b[0m\u001b[0mndarray\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m)\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m)\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m:\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n",
+      "\u001b[0;32m~/workarea/env/shxco_missing_data/lib/python3.9/site-packages/altair/utils/schemapi.py\u001b[0m in \u001b[0;36m?\u001b[0;34m(obj, validate, context)\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m     73\u001b[0m \u001b[0;32mdef\u001b[0m \u001b[0m_todict\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0mobj\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m \u001b[0mvalidate\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m \u001b[0mcontext\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m)\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m:\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m     74\u001b[0m     \u001b[0;34m\"\"\"Convert an object to a dict representation.\"\"\"\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m     75\u001b[0m     \u001b[0;32mif\u001b[0m \u001b[0misinstance\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0mobj\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m \u001b[0mSchemaBase\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m)\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m:\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0;32m---> 76\u001b[0;31m         \u001b[0;32mreturn\u001b[0m \u001b[0mobj\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m.\u001b[0m\u001b[0mto_dict\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0mvalidate\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m=\u001b[0m\u001b[0mvalidate\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m \u001b[0mcontext\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m=\u001b[0m\u001b[0mcontext\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m)\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0m\u001b[1;32m     77\u001b[0m     \u001b[0;32melif\u001b[0m \u001b[0misinstance\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0mobj\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m \u001b[0;34m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0mlist\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m \u001b[0mtuple\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m \u001b[0mnp\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m.\u001b[0m\u001b[0mndarray\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m)\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m)\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m:\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m     78\u001b[0m         \u001b[0;32mreturn\u001b[0m \u001b[0;34m[\u001b[0m\u001b[0m_todict\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0mv\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m \u001b[0mvalidate\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m \u001b[0mcontext\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m)\u001b[0m \u001b[0;32mfor\u001b[0m \u001b[0mv\u001b[0m \u001b[0;32min\u001b[0m \u001b[0mobj\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m]\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m     79\u001b[0m     \u001b[0;32melif\u001b[0m \u001b[0misinstance\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0mobj\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m \u001b[0mdict\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m)\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m:\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n",
+      "\u001b[0;32m~/workarea/env/shxco_missing_data/lib/python3.9/site-packages/altair/utils/schemapi.py\u001b[0m in \u001b[0;36m?\u001b[0;34m(self, validate, ignore, context)\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m    342\u001b[0m \u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m    343\u001b[0m         \u001b[0;32mif\u001b[0m \u001b[0mself\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m.\u001b[0m\u001b[0m_args\u001b[0m \u001b[0;32mand\u001b[0m \u001b[0;32mnot\u001b[0m \u001b[0mself\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m.\u001b[0m\u001b[0m_kwds\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m:\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m    344\u001b[0m             \u001b[0mresult\u001b[0m \u001b[0;34m=\u001b[0m \u001b[0m_todict\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0mself\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m.\u001b[0m\u001b[0m_args\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m[\u001b[0m\u001b[0;36m0\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m]\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m \u001b[0mvalidate\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m=\u001b[0m\u001b[0msub_validate\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m \u001b[0mcontext\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m=\u001b[0m\u001b[0mcontext\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m)\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m    345\u001b[0m         \u001b[0;32melif\u001b[0m \u001b[0;32mnot\u001b[0m \u001b[0mself\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m.\u001b[0m\u001b[0m_args\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m:\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0;32m--> 346\u001b[0;31m             result = _todict(\n\u001b[0m\u001b[1;32m    347\u001b[0m                 \u001b[0;34m{\u001b[0m\u001b[0mk\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m:\u001b[0m \u001b[0mv\u001b[0m \u001b[0;32mfor\u001b[0m \u001b[0mk\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m \u001b[0mv\u001b[0m \u001b[0;32min\u001b[0m \u001b[0mself\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m.\u001b[0m\u001b[0m_kwds\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m.\u001b[0m\u001b[0mitems\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m)\u001b[0m \u001b[0;32mif\u001b[0m \u001b[0mk\u001b[0m \u001b[0;32mnot\u001b[0m \u001b[0;32min\u001b[0m \u001b[0mignore\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m}\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m    348\u001b[0m                 \u001b[0mvalidate\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m=\u001b[0m\u001b[0msub_validate\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m    349\u001b[0m                 \u001b[0mcontext\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m=\u001b[0m\u001b[0mcontext\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n",
+      "\u001b[0;32m~/workarea/env/shxco_missing_data/lib/python3.9/site-packages/altair/utils/schemapi.py\u001b[0m in \u001b[0;36m?\u001b[0;34m(obj, validate, context)\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m     76\u001b[0m         \u001b[0;32mreturn\u001b[0m \u001b[0mobj\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m.\u001b[0m\u001b[0mto_dict\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0mvalidate\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m=\u001b[0m\u001b[0mvalidate\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m \u001b[0mcontext\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m=\u001b[0m\u001b[0mcontext\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m)\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m     77\u001b[0m     \u001b[0;32melif\u001b[0m \u001b[0misinstance\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0mobj\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m \u001b[0;34m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0mlist\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m \u001b[0mtuple\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m \u001b[0mnp\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m.\u001b[0m\u001b[0mndarray\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m)\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m)\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m:\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m     78\u001b[0m         \u001b[0;32mreturn\u001b[0m \u001b[0;34m[\u001b[0m\u001b[0m_todict\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0mv\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m \u001b[0mvalidate\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m \u001b[0mcontext\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m)\u001b[0m \u001b[0;32mfor\u001b[0m \u001b[0mv\u001b[0m \u001b[0;32min\u001b[0m \u001b[0mobj\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m]\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m     79\u001b[0m     \u001b[0;32melif\u001b[0m \u001b[0misinstance\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0mobj\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m \u001b[0mdict\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m)\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m:\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0;32m---> 80\u001b[0;31m         return {\n\u001b[0m\u001b[1;32m     81\u001b[0m             \u001b[0mk\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m:\u001b[0m \u001b[0m_todict\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0mv\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m \u001b[0mvalidate\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m \u001b[0mcontext\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m)\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m     82\u001b[0m             \u001b[0;32mfor\u001b[0m \u001b[0mk\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m \u001b[0mv\u001b[0m \u001b[0;32min\u001b[0m \u001b[0mobj\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m.\u001b[0m\u001b[0mitems\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m)\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m     83\u001b[0m             \u001b[0;32mif\u001b[0m \u001b[0mv\u001b[0m \u001b[0;32mis\u001b[0m \u001b[0;32mnot\u001b[0m \u001b[0mUndefined\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n",
+      "\u001b[0;32m~/workarea/env/shxco_missing_data/lib/python3.9/site-packages/altair/utils/schemapi.py\u001b[0m in \u001b[0;36m?\u001b[0;34m(.0)\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m     80\u001b[0m \u001b[0;32mdef\u001b[0m \u001b[0m_todict\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0mobj\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m \u001b[0mvalidate\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m \u001b[0mcontext\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m)\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m:\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0;32m---> 81\u001b[0;31m     \u001b[0;34m\"\"\"Convert an object to a dict representation.\"\"\"\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0m\u001b[1;32m     82\u001b[0m     \u001b[0;32mif\u001b[0m \u001b[0misinstance\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0mobj\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m \u001b[0mSchemaBase\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m)\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m:\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m     83\u001b[0m         \u001b[0;32mreturn\u001b[0m \u001b[0mobj\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m.\u001b[0m\u001b[0mto_dict\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0mvalidate\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m=\u001b[0m\u001b[0mvalidate\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m \u001b[0mcontext\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m=\u001b[0m\u001b[0mcontext\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m)\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m     84\u001b[0m     \u001b[0;32melif\u001b[0m \u001b[0misinstance\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0mobj\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m \u001b[0;34m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0mlist\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m \u001b[0mtuple\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m \u001b[0mnp\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m.\u001b[0m\u001b[0mndarray\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m)\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m)\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m:\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n",
+      "\u001b[0;32m~/workarea/env/shxco_missing_data/lib/python3.9/site-packages/altair/utils/schemapi.py\u001b[0m in \u001b[0;36m?\u001b[0;34m(obj, validate, context)\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m     73\u001b[0m \u001b[0;32mdef\u001b[0m \u001b[0m_todict\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0mobj\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m \u001b[0mvalidate\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m \u001b[0mcontext\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m)\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m:\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m     74\u001b[0m     \u001b[0;34m\"\"\"Convert an object to a dict representation.\"\"\"\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m     75\u001b[0m     \u001b[0;32mif\u001b[0m \u001b[0misinstance\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0mobj\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m \u001b[0mSchemaBase\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m)\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m:\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0;32m---> 76\u001b[0;31m         \u001b[0;32mreturn\u001b[0m \u001b[0mobj\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m.\u001b[0m\u001b[0mto_dict\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0mvalidate\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m=\u001b[0m\u001b[0mvalidate\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m \u001b[0mcontext\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m=\u001b[0m\u001b[0mcontext\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m)\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0m\u001b[1;32m     77\u001b[0m     \u001b[0;32melif\u001b[0m \u001b[0misinstance\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0mobj\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m \u001b[0;34m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0mlist\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m \u001b[0mtuple\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m \u001b[0mnp\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m.\u001b[0m\u001b[0mndarray\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m)\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m)\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m:\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m     78\u001b[0m         \u001b[0;32mreturn\u001b[0m \u001b[0;34m[\u001b[0m\u001b[0m_todict\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0mv\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m \u001b[0mvalidate\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m \u001b[0mcontext\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m)\u001b[0m \u001b[0;32mfor\u001b[0m \u001b[0mv\u001b[0m \u001b[0;32min\u001b[0m \u001b[0mobj\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m]\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m     79\u001b[0m     \u001b[0;32melif\u001b[0m \u001b[0misinstance\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0mobj\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m \u001b[0mdict\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m)\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m:\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n",
+      "\u001b[0;32m~/workarea/env/shxco_missing_data/lib/python3.9/site-packages/altair/vegalite/v4/schema/channels.py\u001b[0m in \u001b[0;36m?\u001b[0;34m(self, validate, ignore, context)\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m     20\u001b[0m         \u001b[0;32mif\u001b[0m \u001b[0misinstance\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0mshorthand\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m \u001b[0;34m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0mtuple\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m \u001b[0mlist\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m)\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m)\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m:\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m     21\u001b[0m             \u001b[0;31m# If given a list of shorthands, then transform it to a list of classes\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m     22\u001b[0m             \u001b[0mkwds\u001b[0m \u001b[0;34m=\u001b[0m \u001b[0mself\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m.\u001b[0m\u001b[0m_kwds\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m.\u001b[0m\u001b[0mcopy\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m)\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m     23\u001b[0m             \u001b[0mkwds\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m.\u001b[0m\u001b[0mpop\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m'shorthand'\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m)\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0;32m---> 24\u001b[0;31m             return [self.__class__(sh, **kwds).to_dict(validate=validate, ignore=ignore, context=context)\n\u001b[0m\u001b[1;32m     25\u001b[0m                     for sh in shorthand]\n\u001b[1;32m     26\u001b[0m \u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m     27\u001b[0m         \u001b[0;32mif\u001b[0m \u001b[0mshorthand\u001b[0m \u001b[0;32mis\u001b[0m \u001b[0mUndefined\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m:\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n",
+      "\u001b[0;32m~/workarea/env/shxco_missing_data/lib/python3.9/site-packages/altair/vegalite/v4/schema/channels.py\u001b[0m in \u001b[0;36m?\u001b[0;34m(.0)\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0;32m---> 24\u001b[0;31m     \u001b[0;32mdef\u001b[0m \u001b[0mto_dict\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0mself\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m \u001b[0mvalidate\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m=\u001b[0m\u001b[0;32mTrue\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m \u001b[0mignore\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m=\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m)\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m \u001b[0mcontext\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m=\u001b[0m\u001b[0;32mNone\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m)\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m:\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0m\u001b[1;32m     25\u001b[0m         \u001b[0mcontext\u001b[0m \u001b[0;34m=\u001b[0m \u001b[0mcontext\u001b[0m \u001b[0;32mor\u001b[0m \u001b[0;34m{\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m}\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m     26\u001b[0m         \u001b[0mshorthand\u001b[0m \u001b[0;34m=\u001b[0m \u001b[0mself\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m.\u001b[0m\u001b[0m_get\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m'shorthand'\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m)\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m     27\u001b[0m         \u001b[0mfield\u001b[0m \u001b[0;34m=\u001b[0m \u001b[0mself\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m.\u001b[0m\u001b[0m_get\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m'field'\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m)\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n",
+      "\u001b[0;32m~/workarea/env/shxco_missing_data/lib/python3.9/site-packages/altair/vegalite/v4/schema/channels.py\u001b[0m in \u001b[0;36m?\u001b[0;34m(self, validate, ignore, context)\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m     36\u001b[0m                 \u001b[0;31m# We still parse it out of the shorthand, but drop it here.\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m     37\u001b[0m                 \u001b[0mparsed\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m.\u001b[0m\u001b[0mpop\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m'type'\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m \u001b[0;32mNone\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m)\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m     38\u001b[0m             \u001b[0;32melif\u001b[0m \u001b[0;32mnot\u001b[0m \u001b[0;34m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0mtype_in_shorthand\u001b[0m \u001b[0;32mor\u001b[0m \u001b[0mtype_defined_explicitly\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m)\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m:\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m     39\u001b[0m                 \u001b[0;32mif\u001b[0m \u001b[0misinstance\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0mcontext\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m.\u001b[0m\u001b[0mget\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m'data'\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m \u001b[0;32mNone\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m)\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m \u001b[0mpd\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m.\u001b[0m\u001b[0mDataFrame\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m)\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m:\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0;32m---> 40\u001b[0;31m                     raise ValueError(\"{} encoding field is specified without a type; \"\n\u001b[0m\u001b[1;32m     41\u001b[0m                                      \u001b[0;34m\"the type cannot be inferred because it does not \"\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m     42\u001b[0m                                      \"match any column in the data.\".format(shorthand))\n\u001b[1;32m     43\u001b[0m                 \u001b[0;32melse\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m:\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n",
+      "\u001b[0;31mValueError\u001b[0m: item encoding field is specified without a type; the type cannot be inferred because it does not match any column in the data."
+     ]
+    },
     {
      "data": {
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-       "    if (outputDiv.id !== \"altair-viz-039baf59458c44658fc65c40f9b7b7f6\") {\n",
-       "      outputDiv = document.getElementById(\"altair-viz-039baf59458c44658fc65c40f9b7b7f6\");\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "    const paths = {\n",
-       "      \"vega\": \"https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm//vega@5?noext\",\n",
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-       "      \"vega-embed\": \"https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm//vega-embed@6?noext\",\n",
-       "    };\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    function maybeLoadScript(lib, version) {\n",
-       "      var key = `${lib.replace(\"-\", \"\")}_version`;\n",
-       "      return (VEGA_DEBUG[key] == version) ?\n",
-       "        Promise.resolve(paths[lib]) :\n",
-       "        new Promise(function(resolve, reject) {\n",
-       "          var s = document.createElement('script');\n",
-       "          document.getElementsByTagName(\"head\")[0].appendChild(s);\n",
-       "          s.async = true;\n",
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-       "    function displayChart(vegaEmbed) {\n",
-       "      vegaEmbed(outputDiv, spec, embedOpt)\n",
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-       "\n",
-       "    if(typeof define === \"function\" && define.amd) {\n",
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-       "      require([\"vega-embed\"], displayChart, err => showError(`Error loading script: ${err.message}`));\n",
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Tomlinson (1927)\", \"dates\": \"1927-12-07 to 1928-02-06\", \"days out\": 61}, {\"start_date\": \"1927-12-07\", \"end_date\": \"1928-02-13\", \"item_title\": \"The Gambler\", \"item_authors\": \"Dostoyevsky, Fyodor\", \"item_year\": 1866.0, \"borrow_duration_days\": 68.0, \"item\": \"The Gambler by Fyodor Dostoyevsky (1866)\", \"dates\": \"1927-12-07 to 1928-02-13\", \"days out\": 68}, {\"start_date\": \"1927-12-07\", \"end_date\": \"1928-02-13\", \"item_title\": \"The Insulted and Injured\", \"item_authors\": \"Dostoyevsky, Fyodor\", \"item_year\": 1915.0, \"borrow_duration_days\": 68.0, \"item\": \"The Insulted and Injured by Fyodor Dostoyevsky (1915)\", \"dates\": \"1927-12-07 to 1928-02-13\", \"days out\": 68}, {\"start_date\": \"1928-02-04\", \"end_date\": \"1928-02-24\", \"item_title\": \"Lawrence and the Arabs\", \"item_authors\": \"Graves, Robert\", \"item_year\": 1927.0, \"borrow_duration_days\": 20.0, \"item\": \"Lawrence and the Arabs by Robert Graves (1927)\", \"dates\": \"1928-02-04 to 1928-02-24\", \"days out\": 20}, {\"start_date\": \"1928-02-09\", \"end_date\": \"1928-03-03\", \"item_title\": \"The Torrents of Spring\", \"item_authors\": \"Turgenev, Ivan\", \"item_year\": 1872.0, \"borrow_duration_days\": 23.0, \"item\": \"The Torrents of Spring by Ivan Turgenev (1872)\", \"dates\": \"1928-02-09 to 1928-03-03\", \"days out\": 23}, {\"start_date\": \"1928-02-11\", \"end_date\": \"1928-03-03\", \"item_title\": \"Recollections of the Irish War\", \"item_authors\": \"Figgis, Darrell\", \"item_year\": 1927.0, \"borrow_duration_days\": 21.0, \"item\": \"Recollections of the Irish War by Darrell Figgis (1927)\", \"dates\": \"1928-02-11 to 1928-03-03\", \"days out\": 21}, {\"start_date\": \"1928-02-11\", \"end_date\": \"1928-02-13\", \"item_title\": \"The Riddle of the Irish\", \"item_authors\": \"Molony, J. Chartres\", \"item_year\": 1927.0, \"borrow_duration_days\": 2.0, \"item\": \"The Riddle of the Irish by J. Chartres Molony (1927)\", \"dates\": \"1928-02-11 to 1928-02-13\", \"days out\": 2}, {\"start_date\": \"1928-02-13\", \"end_date\": \"1928-02-28\", \"item_title\": \"The World's Illusion\", \"item_authors\": \"Wassermann, Jakob\", \"item_year\": 1920.0, \"borrow_duration_days\": 15.0, \"item\": \"The World's Illusion by Jakob Wassermann (1920)\", \"dates\": \"1928-02-13 to 1928-02-28\", \"days out\": 15}, {\"start_date\": \"1928-02-24\", \"end_date\": \"1928-03-03\", \"item_title\": \"The Emperor Jones\", \"item_authors\": \"O'Neill, Eugene\", \"item_year\": 1921.0, \"borrow_duration_days\": 8.0, \"item\": \"The Emperor Jones by Eugene O'Neill (1921)\", \"dates\": \"1928-02-24 to 1928-03-03\", \"days out\": 8}, {\"start_date\": \"1928-02-24\", \"end_date\": \"1928-03-03\", \"item_title\": \"The Plough and the Stars\", \"item_authors\": \"O'Casey, Sean\", \"item_year\": 1926.0, \"borrow_duration_days\": 8.0, \"item\": \"The Plough and the Stars by Sean O'Casey (1926)\", \"dates\": \"1928-02-24 to 1928-03-03\", \"days out\": 8}, {\"start_date\": \"1928-02-28\", \"end_date\": null, \"item_title\": \"The Magic Mountain\", \"item_authors\": \"Mann, Thomas\", \"item_year\": 1927.0, \"borrow_duration_days\": null, \"item\": \"The Magic Mountain by Thomas Mann (1927)\", \"dates\": \"1928-02-28 to -\", \"days out\": \"-\"}, {\"start_date\": \"1928-03-03\", \"end_date\": \"1928-03-08\", \"item_title\": \"The Wonder Book of the Wild: The Romance of Exploration and Big Game Stalking\", \"item_authors\": \"Golding, Harry\", \"item_year\": 1924.0, \"borrow_duration_days\": 5.0, \"item\": \"The Wonder Book of the Wild: The Romance of Exploration and Big Game Stalking by Harry Golding (1924)\", \"dates\": \"1928-03-03 to 1928-03-08\", \"days out\": 5}, {\"start_date\": \"1928-03-08\", \"end_date\": null, \"item_title\": \"Genius and Character\", \"item_authors\": \"Ludwig, Emil\", \"item_year\": 1927.0, \"borrow_duration_days\": null, \"item\": \"Genius and Character by Emil Ludwig (1927)\", \"dates\": \"1928-03-08 to -\", \"days out\": \"-\"}, {\"start_date\": \"1929-04-23\", \"end_date\": null, \"item_title\": \"The Dial\", \"item_authors\": null, \"item_year\": null, \"borrow_duration_days\": null, \"item\": \"The Dial\", \"dates\": \"1929-04-23 to -\", \"days out\": \"-\"}, {\"start_date\": \"1929-04-23\", \"end_date\": \"1929-05-16\", \"item_title\": \"The Autobiography of Lord Alfred Douglas\", \"item_authors\": \"Douglas, Alfred\", \"item_year\": 1929.0, \"borrow_duration_days\": 23.0, \"item\": \"The Autobiography of Lord Alfred Douglas by Alfred Douglas (1929)\", \"dates\": \"1929-04-23 to 1929-05-16\", \"days out\": 23}, {\"start_date\": \"1929-04-23\", \"end_date\": \"1929-05-14\", \"item_title\": \"Zola and His Time\", \"item_authors\": \"Josephson, Matthew\", \"item_year\": 1928.0, \"borrow_duration_days\": 21.0, \"item\": \"Zola and His Time by Matthew Josephson (1928)\", \"dates\": \"1929-04-23 to 1929-05-14\", \"days out\": 21}, {\"start_date\": \"1929-04-26\", \"end_date\": null, \"item_title\": \"The Dial\", \"item_authors\": null, \"item_year\": null, \"borrow_duration_days\": null, \"item\": \"The Dial\", \"dates\": \"1929-04-26 to -\", \"days out\": \"-\"}, {\"start_date\": \"1929-04-26\", \"end_date\": \"1929-05-14\", \"item_title\": \"The Guillotine and Its Servants\", \"item_authors\": \"Lenotre, G.\", \"item_year\": 1929.0, \"borrow_duration_days\": 18.0, \"item\": \"The Guillotine and Its Servants by G. Lenotre (1929)\", \"dates\": \"1929-04-26 to 1929-05-14\", \"days out\": 18}, {\"start_date\": \"1929-05-16\", \"end_date\": null, \"item_title\": \"Life in the Middle Ages\", \"item_authors\": null, \"item_year\": 1928.0, \"borrow_duration_days\": null, \"item\": \"Life in the Middle Ages (1928)\", \"dates\": \"1929-05-16 to -\", \"days out\": \"-\"}, {\"start_date\": \"1929-05-21\", \"end_date\": \"1929-07-02\", \"item_title\": \"Dostoevsky Portrayed by His Wife: The Diary and Reminiscences of Mme Dostoevsky\", \"item_authors\": \"Dostoevskaia, Anna\", \"item_year\": 1926.0, \"borrow_duration_days\": 42.0, \"item\": \"Dostoevsky Portrayed by His Wife: The Diary and Reminiscences of Mme Dostoevsky by Anna Dostoevskaia (1926)\", \"dates\": \"1929-05-21 to 1929-07-02\", \"days out\": 42}, {\"start_date\": \"1929-06-03\", \"end_date\": \"1929-06-05\", \"item_title\": \"A Bookman's Daybook\", \"item_authors\": \"Rascoe, Burton\", \"item_year\": 1929.0, \"borrow_duration_days\": 2.0, \"item\": \"A Bookman's Daybook by Burton Rascoe (1929)\", \"dates\": \"1929-06-03 to 1929-06-05\", \"days out\": 2}, {\"start_date\": \"1929-06-05\", \"end_date\": \"1929-06-21\", \"item_title\": \"Three Lives\", \"item_authors\": \"Stein, Gertrude\", \"item_year\": 1909.0, \"borrow_duration_days\": 16.0, \"item\": \"Three Lives by Gertrude Stein (1909)\", \"dates\": \"1929-06-05 to 1929-06-21\", \"days out\": 16}, {\"start_date\": \"1929-06-21\", \"end_date\": \"1929-06-24\", \"item_title\": \"Contemporary Russian Literature: 1881 \\u2013 1925\", \"item_authors\": \"Mirsky, D. S.\", \"item_year\": 1926.0, \"borrow_duration_days\": 3.0, \"item\": \"Contemporary Russian Literature: 1881 \\u2013 1925 by D. S. Mirsky (1926)\", \"dates\": \"1929-06-21 to 1929-06-24\", \"days out\": 3}, {\"start_date\": \"1929-06-24\", \"end_date\": null, \"item_title\": \"Round the Green Cloth\", \"item_authors\": \"Chester, Samuel Beach\", \"item_year\": 1928.0, \"borrow_duration_days\": null, \"item\": \"Round the Green Cloth by Samuel Beach Chester (1928)\", \"dates\": \"1929-06-24 to -\", \"days out\": \"-\"}, {\"start_date\": \"1929-06-29\", \"end_date\": \"1929-07-02\", \"item_title\": \"Politicians and the War, 1914 \\u2013 1916\", \"item_authors\": \"Beaverbrook, Max Aitken\", \"item_year\": 1928.0, \"borrow_duration_days\": 3.0, \"item\": \"Politicians and the War, 1914 \\u2013 1916 by Max Aitken Beaverbrook (1928)\", \"dates\": \"1929-06-29 to 1929-07-02\", \"days out\": 3}, {\"start_date\": \"1929-09-19\", \"end_date\": \"1929-09-27\", \"item_title\": \"This Quarter\", \"item_authors\": null, \"item_year\": null, \"borrow_duration_days\": 8.0, \"item\": \"This Quarter\", \"dates\": \"1929-09-19 to 1929-09-27\", \"days out\": 8}, {\"start_date\": \"1929-09-19\", \"end_date\": null, \"item_title\": \"War\", \"item_authors\": \"Renn, Ludwig\", \"item_year\": 1929.0, \"borrow_duration_days\": null, \"item\": \"War by Ludwig Renn (1929)\", \"dates\": \"1929-09-19 to -\", \"days out\": \"-\"}, {\"start_date\": \"1929-09-19\", \"end_date\": \"1929-09-27\", \"item_title\": \"Lady Chatterley's Lover\", \"item_authors\": \"Lawrence, D. H.\", \"item_year\": 1928.0, \"borrow_duration_days\": 8.0, \"item\": \"Lady Chatterley's Lover by D. H. Lawrence (1928)\", \"dates\": \"1929-09-19 to 1929-09-27\", \"days out\": 8}, {\"start_date\": \"1929-09-25\", \"end_date\": \"1929-10-19\", \"item_title\": \"Adventures of Sir Walter Raleigh\", \"item_authors\": null, \"item_year\": null, \"borrow_duration_days\": 24.0, \"item\": \"Adventures of Sir Walter Raleigh\", \"dates\": \"1929-09-25 to 1929-10-19\", \"days out\": 24}, {\"start_date\": \"1929-09-27\", \"end_date\": \"1930-01-23\", \"item_title\": \"The Idiot\", \"item_authors\": \"Dostoyevsky, Fyodor\", \"item_year\": 1874.0, \"borrow_duration_days\": 118.0, \"item\": \"The Idiot by Fyodor Dostoyevsky (1874)\", \"dates\": \"1929-09-27 to 1930-01-23\", \"days out\": 118}, {\"start_date\": \"1929-09-27\", \"end_date\": null, \"item_title\": \"On the Eve\", \"item_authors\": \"Turgenev, Ivan\", \"item_year\": 1895.0, \"borrow_duration_days\": null, \"item\": \"On the Eve by Ivan Turgenev (1895)\", \"dates\": \"1929-09-27 to -\", \"days out\": \"-\"}, {\"start_date\": \"1929-09-27\", \"end_date\": null, \"item_title\": \"A Sportsman's Sketches\", \"item_authors\": \"Turgenev, Ivan\", \"item_year\": 1895.0, \"borrow_duration_days\": null, \"item\": \"A Sportsman's Sketches by Ivan Turgenev (1895)\", \"dates\": \"1929-09-27 to -\", \"days out\": \"-\"}, {\"start_date\": \"1929-10-11\", \"end_date\": \"1929-10-19\", \"item_title\": \"Balzac in Slippers\", \"item_authors\": \"Gozlan, L\\u00e9on\", \"item_year\": 1929.0, \"borrow_duration_days\": 8.0, \"item\": \"Balzac in Slippers by L\\u00e9on Gozlan (1929)\", \"dates\": \"1929-10-11 to 1929-10-19\", \"days out\": 8}, {\"start_date\": \"1931-09-07\", \"end_date\": \"1931-09-23\", \"item_title\": \"The Virgin and the Gipsy\", \"item_authors\": \"Lawrence, D. H.\", \"item_year\": 1930.0, \"borrow_duration_days\": 16.0, \"item\": \"The Virgin and the Gipsy by D. H. Lawrence (1930)\", \"dates\": \"1931-09-07 to 1931-09-23\", \"days out\": 16}, {\"start_date\": \"1931-09-07\", \"end_date\": \"1931-09-23\", \"item_title\": \"Pagany: A Native Quarterly\", \"item_authors\": null, \"item_year\": null, \"borrow_duration_days\": 16.0, \"item\": \"Pagany: A Native Quarterly\", \"dates\": \"1931-09-07 to 1931-09-23\", \"days out\": 16}, {\"start_date\": \"1933-11-10\", \"end_date\": \"1933-11-21\", \"item_title\": \"Discursions on Travel Art and Life\", \"item_authors\": \"Sitwell, Osbert\", \"item_year\": 1925.0, \"borrow_duration_days\": 11.0, \"item\": \"Discursions on Travel Art and Life by Osbert Sitwell (1925)\", \"dates\": \"1933-11-10 to 1933-11-21\", \"days out\": 11}, {\"start_date\": \"1933-11-10\", \"end_date\": \"1933-11-21\", \"item_title\": \"Sober Truth: A Collection of Nineteenth-Century Episodes, Fantastic, Grotesque and Mysterious\", \"item_authors\": null, \"item_year\": 1930.0, \"borrow_duration_days\": 11.0, \"item\": \"Sober Truth: A Collection of Nineteenth-Century Episodes, Fantastic, Grotesque and Mysterious (1930)\", \"dates\": \"1933-11-10 to 1933-11-21\", \"days out\": 11}, {\"start_date\": \"1933-11-10\", \"end_date\": \"1933-11-21\", \"item_title\": \"The Men of Ness\", \"item_authors\": \"Linklater, Eric\", \"item_year\": 1932.0, \"borrow_duration_days\": 11.0, \"item\": \"The Men of Ness by Eric Linklater (1932)\", \"dates\": \"1933-11-10 to 1933-11-21\", \"days out\": 11}, {\"start_date\": \"1933-11-10\", \"end_date\": null, \"item_title\": \"The Orators\", \"item_authors\": \"Auden, W. H.\", \"item_year\": 1932.0, \"borrow_duration_days\": null, \"item\": \"The Orators by W. H. Auden (1932)\", \"dates\": \"1933-11-10 to -\", \"days out\": \"-\"}, {\"start_date\": \"1937-05-07\", \"end_date\": null, \"item_title\": \"New Writing\", \"item_authors\": null, \"item_year\": null, \"borrow_duration_days\": null, \"item\": \"New Writing\", \"dates\": \"1937-05-07 to -\", \"days out\": \"-\"}, {\"start_date\": \"1937-05-07\", \"end_date\": null, \"item_title\": \"Something of Myself: For My Friends Known and Unknown\", \"item_authors\": \"Kipling, Rudyard\", \"item_year\": 1937.0, \"borrow_duration_days\": null, \"item\": \"Something of Myself: For My Friends Known and Unknown by Rudyard Kipling (1937)\", \"dates\": \"1937-05-07 to -\", \"days out\": \"-\"}, {\"start_date\": \"1937-05-07\", \"end_date\": null, \"item_title\": \"New Writing\", \"item_authors\": null, \"item_year\": null, \"borrow_duration_days\": null, \"item\": \"New Writing\", \"dates\": \"1937-05-07 to -\", \"days out\": \"-\"}, {\"start_date\": \"1938-09-07\", \"end_date\": null, \"item_title\": \"Life and Death of a Spanish Town\", \"item_authors\": \"Paul, Elliot\", \"item_year\": 1937.0, \"borrow_duration_days\": null, \"item\": \"Life and Death of a Spanish Town by Elliot Paul (1937)\", \"dates\": \"1938-09-07 to -\", \"days out\": \"-\"}, {\"start_date\": \"1938-09-07\", \"end_date\": \"1938-09-10\", \"item_title\": \"The Dead Don't Care\", \"item_authors\": \"Latimer, Jonathan\", \"item_year\": 1938.0, \"borrow_duration_days\": 3.0, \"item\": \"The Dead Don't Care by Jonathan Latimer (1938)\", \"dates\": \"1938-09-07 to 1938-09-10\", \"days out\": 3}, {\"start_date\": \"1938-09-30\", \"end_date\": \"1938-10-26\", \"item_title\": \"Homage to Catalonia\", \"item_authors\": \"Orwell, George\", \"item_year\": 1938.0, \"borrow_duration_days\": 26.0, \"item\": \"Homage to Catalonia by George Orwell (1938)\", \"dates\": \"1938-09-30 to 1938-10-26\", \"days out\": 26}, {\"start_date\": \"1938-10-26\", \"end_date\": null, \"item_title\": \"Saturday Review of Literature\", \"item_authors\": null, \"item_year\": null, \"borrow_duration_days\": null, \"item\": \"Saturday Review of Literature\", \"dates\": \"1938-10-26 to -\", \"days out\": \"-\"}, {\"start_date\": \"1938-10-26\", \"end_date\": null, \"item_title\": \"Saturday Review of Literature\", \"item_authors\": null, \"item_year\": null, \"borrow_duration_days\": null, \"item\": \"Saturday Review of Literature\", \"dates\": \"1938-10-26 to -\", \"days out\": \"-\"}, {\"start_date\": \"1938-10-26\", \"end_date\": null, \"item_title\": \"Saturday Review of Literature\", \"item_authors\": null, \"item_year\": null, \"borrow_duration_days\": null, \"item\": \"Saturday Review of Literature\", \"dates\": \"1938-10-26 to -\", \"days out\": \"-\"}, {\"start_date\": \"1938-10-26\", \"end_date\": null, \"item_title\": \"Saturday Review of Literature\", \"item_authors\": null, \"item_year\": null, \"borrow_duration_days\": null, \"item\": \"Saturday Review of Literature\", \"dates\": \"1938-10-26 to -\", \"days out\": \"-\"}, {\"start_date\": \"1938-10-26\", \"end_date\": null, \"item_title\": \"Saturday Review of Literature\", \"item_authors\": null, \"item_year\": null, \"borrow_duration_days\": null, \"item\": \"Saturday Review of Literature\", \"dates\": \"1938-10-26 to -\", \"days out\": \"-\"}, {\"start_date\": \"1938-10-26\", \"end_date\": null, \"item_title\": \"Saturday Review of Literature\", \"item_authors\": null, \"item_year\": null, \"borrow_duration_days\": null, \"item\": \"Saturday Review of Literature\", \"dates\": \"1938-10-26 to -\", \"days out\": \"-\"}, {\"start_date\": \"1938-10-26\", \"end_date\": null, \"item_title\": \"Saturday Review of Literature\", \"item_authors\": null, \"item_year\": null, \"borrow_duration_days\": null, \"item\": \"Saturday Review of Literature\", \"dates\": \"1938-10-26 to -\", \"days out\": \"-\"}, {\"start_date\": \"1938-10-26\", \"end_date\": null, \"item_title\": \"Saturday Review of Literature\", \"item_authors\": null, \"item_year\": null, \"borrow_duration_days\": null, \"item\": \"Saturday Review of Literature\", \"dates\": \"1938-10-26 to -\", \"days out\": \"-\"}, {\"start_date\": \"1938-10-26\", \"end_date\": null, \"item_title\": \"Saturday Review of Literature\", \"item_authors\": null, \"item_year\": null, \"borrow_duration_days\": null, \"item\": \"Saturday Review of Literature\", \"dates\": \"1938-10-26 to -\", \"days out\": \"-\"}]}}, {\"mode\": \"vega-lite\"});\n",
-       "</script>"
-      ],
       "text/plain": [
        "alt.VConcatChart(...)"
       ]
      },
-     "execution_count": 8,
+     "execution_count": 18,
      "metadata": {},
      "output_type": "execute_result"
     }
@@ -483,6 +457,13 @@
     "# generate a raincloud plot with a tooltip for hover interaction\n",
     "import altair as alt\n",
     "\n",
+    "# TEMP\n",
+    "import utils.charts\n",
+    "from importlib import reload\n",
+    "reload(utils.charts)\n",
+    "from utils.charts import raincloud_plot\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
     "hemingway_raincloud = raincloud_plot(\n",
     "    hemingway_borrows, 'borrow_duration_days', 'Borrow duration in days',\n",
     "    tooltip=alt.Tooltip(['item', 'dates', 'days out']))\n",
@@ -492,7 +473,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 9,
+   "execution_count": null,
    "metadata": {},
    "outputs": [],
    "source": [
@@ -502,7 +483,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 10,
+   "execution_count": null,
    "metadata": {},
    "outputs": [],
    "source": [
diff --git a/utils/charts.py b/utils/charts.py
index c6048d0..0ef6612 100644
--- a/utils/charts.py
+++ b/utils/charts.py
@@ -61,14 +61,25 @@ def raincloud_plot(dataset, fieldname, field_label, tooltip=None):
     # Now create jitter plot of the same field
     # jittering / stripplot adapted from https://stackoverflow.com/a/71902446/9706217
 
-    # optional arguments to encode - currently only tooltip
+    # optional behavior when tooltip is set
     opt_encode_args = {}
+    selection_opts = []
+    highlight_color = alt.value("#ff7f0e")
+    default_color = alt.value("rgba(31, 119, 180, 0)")  # transparent
     if tooltip is not None:
         opt_encode_args["tooltip"] = tooltip
+        # if tooltip is enabled, make selection easier:
+        # define a single selection that chooses the nearest point
+        nearest = alt.selection_single(on="mouseover", nearest=True)
+        selection_opts.append(nearest)
+        # add a stroke to outline; transparent if not seleted,  otherwise highlight
+        opt_encode_args["stroke"] = alt.condition(
+            ~nearest, default_color, highlight_color
+        )
 
     stripplot = (
         alt.Chart(dataset)
-        .mark_circle(size=30)
+        .mark_circle(size=50)
         .encode(
             x=alt.X(
                 fieldname,
@@ -76,13 +87,14 @@ def raincloud_plot(dataset, fieldname, field_label, tooltip=None):
                 axis=alt.Axis(labels=True),
             ),
             y=alt.Y("jitter:Q", title=None, axis=None),
-            **opt_encode_args
+            **opt_encode_args,
         )
         .transform_calculate(jitter="(random() / 200) - 0.0052")
         .properties(
             height=120,
             width=800,
         )
+        .add_selection(*selection_opts)
     )
 
     # use vertical concat to combine the two plots together