PRIMITIVES.md

Primitives

WebDriver

The lowest level primitive communicating directly with the webdriver server. Element query methods return element ids.

Browser

Higher level abstraction around WebDriver. Element query methods return WebElement and can accept extended WebElement classes instead.

WebElement

Representing a web element in the page. Can be extended to provide page object like functionality.

class LoginForm extends WebElement {
  get username() {
    return this.$("#username");
  }

  get password() {
    return this.$("#password");
  }

  get loginButton() {
    return this.$("#loginButton");
  }

  async fillAndSubmit(username, password) {
    await (await this.username).sendKeys(username);
    await (await this.password).sendKeys(password);
    await (await this.loginButton).click();
  }
}

By

A pair of values (using & value) representing how to query for element/s. using is the strategy (e.g. "css selector", "xpath") and value is input for that strategy.

const by = new By("css selector", "#loginForm");

Aliases

Method	Example
By.css	By.css("#loginForm")
By.xpath	By.xpath("//body")
By.tagName	By.tagName("body")
By.linkText	By.linkText("Logout")
By.partialLinkText	By.partialLinkText("Logout")