awesome-operating-system

Awesome Operating System is an open-source, beginner-friendly notebook designed to help learners understand the fundamental concepts of Operating Systems. This project serves as a comprehensive guide for students, developers, and enthusiasts aiming to build a strong foundation in OS concepts.

🎯 Who Is This For?

Students: Prepare for exams with clear and concise explanations Interview Candidates: Revise OS concepts with targeted resources for technical interviews Enthusiasts: Learn the core building blocks of Operating Systems

📖 What you will learn? (Total 10 Chapters)

1. Basics of the Operating System
2. Process Management
3. Memory Management
4. File System
5. Input/Output Management
6. System Calls and API
7. Scheduling Algorithms
8. Security and Protection
9. Virtualization and Containers
10. Networking in OS

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📬 Each Chapter

1️⃣ Basics of the Operating System

1. An introduction to the OS
2. Types of OS
3. Components of OS
4. Processes vs Thread
5. How do apps (programs) interact with the system?
6. What happens when you turn on your computer?
7. What is 32-bit vs 64-bit OS -
8. Fun Facts about OS

2️⃣ Process Management

1. Process States and Process Queue
2. PCB - Process Control Block?
3. Process Context Switching
4. Orphen and Zombie Process
5. Process Scheduling
6. MLQ and MLFQ
7. IPC - Inter-Process Communication
8. Concurrency and Synchronization
9. Critical Section Problem, Race Condition, and Solution
10. Atomic Operation, Mutual Exclusion, Mutex, Locks
11. Single Flag, Double Flag, and Peterson's Solution
12. Conditional Variables and Semaphores
13. Deadlocks

3️⃣ Memory Management

1. Memory Hierarchy
2. Cache Memory
3. Paging
4. Segmentation
5. Virtual Memory
6. Memory Allocation
7. Fragmentation - Internal and External
8. Swapping and MTS
9. Thrashing

4️⃣ File System

1. File Types
2. File System Architecture
3. File Permissions
4. Directory Structure
5. File Operations
6. File Systems
7. Disk Scheduling
8. Access Control Lists (ACLs)
9. File Compression

5️⃣ Input/Output Management

1. I/O Devices
2. I/O Scheduling
3. Buffering and Caching
4. Device Drivers
5. Direct Memory Access (DMA)

6️⃣ System Calls and API

1. System Call Interface
2. User vs Kernel Space
3. Transitioning between user and kernel modes
4. API Calls

7️⃣ Scheduling Algorithms

1. CPU Scheduling - First-Come-First-Served (FCFS) | Shortest Job First (SJF) | Round Robin (RR) | Priority Scheduling
2. MLQ - Multilevel Queue Scheduling
3. MLFQ - Multilevel Feedback Queue
4. Real-Time Scheduling

8️⃣ Security and Protection

1. Authentication
2. Authorization
3. Encryption
4. Access Control Mechanisms
5. Intrusion Detection Systems

9️⃣ Virtualization and Containers

1. Virtualization
2. Containers
3. Memory Virtualization

🔟 Networking in OS

1. Socket Programming
2. DNS
3. TCP/IP Stack
4. Inter-Process Communication

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Example Questions for Interview:

• Explain the difference between process and thread.
• What is a race condition, and how can it be avoided?
• What is a deadlock, and how do you prevent it?
• How does virtual memory work?
• Explain different types of scheduling algorithms.
• What are paging and segmentation in memory management?
• What are system calls? Can you give an example?
• How does a file system work?
• What is the difference between a process and a program?
• Explain the producer-consumer problem and how to solve it.
• How does swapping work in operating systems?