Check universe version before registering dataset type (DM-49180)

A mismatch in the universe versions causes some unexpected issues,
sometimes silently. A simple version check before new dataset type
registration should solve some of the cases.

python/lsst/daf/butler/registry/datasets/byDimensions/_manager.py

@@ -317,6 +317,21 @@ def register_dataset_type(self, dataset_type: DatasetType) -> bool:
             raise ValueError(
                 f"Component dataset types can not be stored in registry. Rejecting {dataset_type.name}"
             )
+
+        # If database universe and dimension group universe are different it
+        # can cause unexpected effects.
+        db_universe_version = (self._dimensions.universe.namespace, self._dimensions.universe.version)
+        dataset_type_universe_version = (
+            dataset_type.dimensions.universe.namespace,
+            dataset_type.dimensions.universe.version,
+        )
+        if dataset_type_universe_version != db_universe_version:
+            raise ValueError(
+                "Incompatible dimension universe versions - "
+                f"database version: {db_universe_version}, "
+                f"dataset type version: {dataset_type_universe_version}."
+            )
+
         record = self._fetch_dataset_type_record(dataset_type.name)
         if record is None:
             if (dynamic_tables := self._cache.get_by_dimensions(dataset_type.dimensions)) is None: