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Moved the "REST as an OT person" article to new articles section (#39)
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* Moved to _posts

* Added more context-setting for an audience

* Tested format for articles

* Added article date
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getorymckeag authored Jan 28, 2024
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9 changes: 9 additions & 0 deletions docs/articles.md
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title: Articles
nav_order: 6
has_children: true
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# TROLIE Articles

A series of informal articles on the design and usage of TROLIE.
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title: Why REST and OpenAPI?
nav_order: 2
title: TROLIE, REST and OpenAPI for EMS and OT Experts
parent: Articles
---

# Why REST and OpenAPI?
# {{ page.title }}
_January 27, 2024_

While REST isn’t new. It was first published in [academic literature in the
year 2000](https://ics.uci.edu/~fielding/pubs/dissertation/rest_arch_style.htm).
## FERC 881 and EMS
Thermal line limits are critical to many decisions made on the transmission grid. Therefore, unsurprisingly, the need to exchange AARs affects many software systems used by utilities and other grid operators. However, by far the most common among these are Energy Management Systems (EMS) that provide real-time monitoring and control of the transmission grid to control centers. These systems are implemented by a diverse landscape of vendors, and are used by the vast majority of entities with operations responsibility for the transmission grid, including utilities, transmission companies, transmission owners, reliability coordinators, ISO/RTOs, and of course organizations with combinations of these roles. There will need to be many EMS integrations with TROLIE.

EMS systems have been around a long time, with their origins of current functional design dating to the mid-1970s. Depending on the vendor, EMS technology may be fairly old, some of which significantly pre-dates REST. Many EMS platforms have traditionally used older methods for data exchanges, such as SCADA protocols, custom TCP-based protocols, and ad-hoc file exchanges. Representational State Transfer (REST), the technology used for TROLIE, _may_ be unfamiliar to engineers who regularly work on the EMS in what is often referred to as an operations technology (OT) environment. This article aims to provide a brief introduction to REST from the perspective of an EMS/OT expert in the hopes of making TROLIE more accessible.

However, it may imply a learning curve for typical operations technology (OT)
teams that need to integrate with TROLIE. This is because EMS systems are the
most common integration targets for TROLIE, where older methods have frequently
been used for data exchanges, such as SCADA protocols, custom TCP-based
protocols, and ad-hoc file exchanges.
## Why REST and OpenAPI?

While REST may be new (or rarely used) in some EMS systems, it certainly isn't new. It was first published in [academic literature in the
year 2000](https://ics.uci.edu/~fielding/pubs/dissertation/rest_arch_style.htm).

TROLIE is built on the philosophy that this is an acceptable tradeoff due to the
upside that REST offers over these traditional data exchange methods. An entire
TROLIE is built on the philosophy that the adoption of REST vs traditional EMS-centric/OT exchange methods is an acceptable tradeoff due to the
upside that REST offers over these traditional methods. An entire
paper could be written purely on this subject as to the benefits of using REST
for this sort of complex data exchange. To summarize:

Expand Down Expand Up @@ -47,7 +49,7 @@ architecture in detail, users of the TROLIE APIs do not need to be experts in
REST. From a user perspective, REST could be seen as a minor cognitive leap
from file exchanges, which this document will illustrate through examples.

## Why not ICCP?
### Why not ICCP?
The Inter-Control Center Communications Protocol (ICCP), part of IEC standard
60870-6, is used frequently to integrate Reliability Coordinators' SCADA system
with member transmission owners' SCADA systems to capture all kinds of telemetry
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -75,7 +77,7 @@ forecasted data. There are a couple reasons for this:

This is all in addition to considering the advantages of REST discussed above.

## Why not File Exchanges?
### Why not File Exchanges?

Unlike ICCP, file exchanges using common formats such as CSV, XML, and JSON do
allow for more complex data structures. The advantages to REST however over
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title: TROLIE Concepts
nav_order: 3
nav_order: 2
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# TROLIE Concepts
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2 changes: 1 addition & 1 deletion docs/daylight-savings.md
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title: Daylight Savings
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nav_order: 4
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# Handling Daylight Savings Transitions in TROLIE
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2 changes: 1 addition & 1 deletion docs/usage-examples.md
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title: Usage Examples
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nav_order: 3
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